Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms

Flashcards covering the concepts of homeostasis, negative feedback loops for temperature regulation, and positive feedback loops during childbirth.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment, such as keeping body temperature at approximately $98.6^{\circ}F$ or $37^{\circ}C$.

Sweat

A fluid released by the excretory system that cools the body down through the process of evaporation.

Excretory System

The system that works with the nervous system to release sweat in response to an increase in body temperature detected by the brain.

Evaporation

The process of a liquid turning into vapor on the surface of the skin, which produces a cooling effect to bring body temperature back to normal.

Shivering

The movement of muscles in response to cold temperatures, which produces heat to warm the body back up.

Negative Feedback Mechanism

A loop where the body responds to a stimulus that has disrupted homeostasis by taking actions to bring the body back to its normal state.

Body Core

The central part of the body containing vital organs like the heart, lungs, liver, and pancreas, which is kept at a stable temperature regardless of changes in the extremities.

Positive Feedback Mechanism

A feedback loop that results in the amplification of a response to a stimulus, such as those seen in childbirth and breastfeeding.

Amplification

The process of increasing or 'revving up' an action with every round of a feedback loop, as occurs during labor contractions.

Oxytocin

A hormone released by the pituitary gland into the bloodstream that causes the uterus to contract and push the baby down during labor.

Pituitary Glands

The glands stimulated by the brain to release oxytocin during the positive feedback loop of childbirth.

Cervix

The part of the mother's body that sends nerve impulses to the brain when it feels pressure, signaling that the baby needs to be delivered.

Uterus

The organ that contracts in response to oxytocin to move the baby down the birth canal.