Assumptions of SLT

Who proposed the theory ?

Bandura 1972

What is different from the behaviourist approach ?

frames it to include how people learn from others (children especially)

Who do children learn from and how ?

• observe and imitate behaviour

• role models - parents , older siblings , celebs

• people that possess similar characteristics - same sex parent

• models tend to be older, more influential and possess high status and desirable qualities

• social contexts - not innate but absorbed by individual

What is the indirect learning through rewards from others called?

vicarious reinforcement

What must occur for imitation to happen ?

the model must be rewarded for behaviour rather than punished

Why is vicarious reinforcement more advanced than behaviourist?

• has a degree of cognition

What 4 mediational processes sum up the cognitive side of SLT?

• Attention

• Retention

• Motor Reproduction

• Motivation (self efficacy too )

What is the purpose of the mediational processes?

intervene in the learning process to decide if behaviour should be repeated

What does attention refer to ?

noticing behaviour - awareness

What does Retention refer to ?

withholding the behaviour and the mechanism behind it

What is motor reproduction ?

the extent the observer can successfully imitate same behaviour

What does motivation refer to ?

the individual desire to perform behaviour - the need to be rewarded for behaviour

What 2 processes are learning the behaviour?

attention

retention

What 2 processes are performing behaviour ?

motor reproduction

motivation

How is the learning and performance different to behaviourism ?

learning can occur some time ago and can be performed a different setting

Bandura conducted his own study in 1961 , what did he want to demonstrate?

children can learn aggression through observation

What was Banduras sample and how did he divide them?

• 72 children aged 3-6

• divided into 3 groups

• Aggressive model group - adult acting aggressively toward bobo doll

• Non aggressive group

• Control group - no exposure to adult model

What was the procedure ?

• child exposed to environment - toys including bobo doll

• behaviour observed

What did Bandura find ?

• those exposed to the aggressive model would replicate more often behaviour with both physical and verbal aggression

• other groups had much less aggression

What implications did banduras findings have ?

• exposure to violence in media can increase viewer’s aggressive behaviours

what is self efficacy ?

the belief in ones self to succeed in specific situations or tasks

When Bandura repeated his study , what did he alter ?

• had adult model’s aggressive behaviour rewarded , punished or no consequences