EDC-220: quiz #2

frontal lobe

planning, reasoning, emotional expression

motor cortex

control of movement

somatosensory cortex

body, sensations, touch, temperature

parietal lobe

perception

occipital lobe

visual processing

cerebellum

movement, motor skills

wernickes area

language understanding

temporal lobe

auditory process of hearing, learning, memory, and emotion

brocas area

speech production

what are the 3 parts of the brainstem?

medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain

the brain structure includes

spinal cord, hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

thalamus

sorts data

hypothalamus

homeostasis

posterior pituitary gland

sends off hormones

cerebrum

integration, neurons and their connections, makes sense of information

corpus collosum

connects left and right hemispheres of the brain

executive functioning

group of processes that allows individuals to self-regulate the ways in which they interact with their environment

what are some examples of executive functioning?

working memory, prioritizing, organizing, sequencing, managing time, attending, controlling social and emotional behaviors, communicating

attention

process allowing to take information in and select useful information

what are the 4 categories of attention? (ASSS)

alertness, selection, sustaining, shifting

working memory

active process that manipulates new information and makes it usable

cognitive processes

things people do to interpret and remember what they see, hear, and study

construction

learners process of making sense of all the pieces of information they receive

sensory register

stores unencoded input, large capacity, very short duration (1-2 seconds)

working memory

requires attention to move information from sensory to working memory, makes sense of raw data from sensory register, limited capacity (5-20 seconds)

long term memory

stored processed information, unlimited capacity, long duration

declarative knowledge

how things are, or will be, often explicit (conscious)

semantic knowledge

general world knowledge

episodic knowledge

specific life experiences

procedural knowledge

how to do things, often implicit (subconscious), includes conditional ~ when to do things

concepts

mental groupings of objects or events that have something in common

schemas

concepts organized into general understandings

scripts

schemas with a predictable sequence of events related to a particular activity

personal theory

people’s general understandings and belief systems

elaboration

using prior knowledge to embellish ideas

internal organization

making connections between information to create an overall cohesive structure

neuron

individual nerve cell that makes up the nervous system

dendrites

receives messages from other neurons

cell body

genetic material of neuron, includes nucleus

axon hillock

if signal is strong enough, chemical to electrical energy will be sent through neuron

axon

carries electrical signal to end of neuron

myelin sheath

insulator, protects and speeds up impulse of electrical signal

nodes of ranvier

speeds up process, signal bounces off node to node

axon terminal

where neurotransmitters are stored, get released and binded to next postsynaptic neuron