Chapter 5 Neurogenic Voice Disorders

What is the CNS in charge of?

planning, programming, and creating motor commands and processing sensory info

What are the components of the CNS?

• cerebral cortex

• cerebellum

• brainstem

• spinal cord

Where is the CNS housed?

the bony protective structure of the cranium and vertebral column

What is the PNS?

wires that transfer information between the brain and the muscles

What are the components of the PNS?

• cranial nerves

• spinal nerves

What do the cranial nerves do?

innervate functions in the head and neck area and crucial functions

What do the spinal nerves do?

innervate the torso, upper and lower limbs

What are the two main nerve pathways in the PNS?

• sensory (afferent) pathways

• motor (efferent) pathways

What does the sensory (afferent) pathways do?

bring sensory information to the CNS

What do the motor (efferent) pathways do?

bring motor information form the CNS to the muscles

The frontal and left temporal lobes are primarily involved with the _____ aspects of voice production

motor

The bilateral parietal loves provide important _____ feedback about voice production

sensory

Where does initiation of voice begin?

inferior and lateral aspects of the primary motor cortex

The temporal loves provide cortical input for audition via ________

Heschl’s gyrus

What is Heschl’s gyrus?

the primary auditory cortex

What are the two cranial nerves that are not in the brainstem?

• olfactory (I)

• optic (II)

What is the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)?

taste and general sensation for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, pharynx, larynx, and viscera

What is the sensory function of the vagus nerve (x)?

pharynx, larynx, and viscera

What is the motor output of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve?

innervates constrictors, the stylopharyngus, and visceral motor (parotid glands)