section 93
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51 Terms
What is the purpose of Section 93?
To reduce PM10 fugitive dust emissions from paved roads, paved alleys, and associated shoulders and medians.
What does Section 93 regulate?
Paved roads, paved alleys, shoulders, medians, and related dust-generating activities.
Who is responsible for compliance under Section 93?
Owners and operators of paved roads.
Why can paved roads still generate PM10 emissions?
Dirt, trackout, shoulder dust, and accumulated material can become airborne from vehicle traffic.
What is trackout?
Dirt, mud, or soil carried from unpaved surfaces onto paved roads by vehicle tires.
Why is trackout a concern?
Vehicles grind and resuspend trackout material, creating PM10 emissions.
Where does Section 93 apply?
PM10 nonattainment areas, PM10 maintenance areas, and Apex Valley.
What is exempt from Section 93?
Private noncommercial driveways and certain stationary source activities.
What is the standard shoulder width required for paved roads?
4 feet.
When are 8-foot shoulders required?
When a road carries 3,000 or more vehicles per day.
Why are stabilized shoulders important?
They reduce fugitive dust emissions and prevent soil from being tracked onto paved roads.
What are common shoulder stabilization methods?
Paving, curbing, gravel, landscaping, decorative rock, and dust palliatives.
What gravel depth is required for stabilized shoulders?
At least 2 inches.
What is the allowable silt content for shoulder gravel?
6% or less.
Why is gravel depth important?
It prevents exposure of fine dust beneath the gravel layer.
Why is low silt content important in gravel?
Excessive fine particles can generate PM10 emissions.
What opacity standard applies to Section 93?
20% opacity or less.
What does opacity measure?
The percentage of visibility blocked by a dust plume.
How is the opacity test performed under Section 93?
Using a certified Visible Emissions Evaluator and 12 opacity readings.
How many vehicles are observed during the opacity test?
6 vehicles.
How many opacity readings are required?
12 readings.
How many readings are taken per vehicle?
2 readings.
When are opacity readings taken?
At 0 seconds and 5 seconds.
At what height are opacity observations made?
Approximately 3 feet above the surface.
Why are opacity observations made about 3 feet above the surface?
To better represent airborne PM10 rather than heavier particles settling immediately.
What opacity value indicates compliance?
20% opacity or less.
What happens if opacity exceeds 20%?
The source fails the opacity standard.
What is silt loading?
The amount of loose dust present on a surface.
What does silt loading estimate?
The amount of dust available to become airborne.
What is the silt loading standard for Section 93?
Less than 0.33 oz/ft².
What happens if silt loading exceeds 0.33 oz/ft²?
The shoulder or median is considered unstable.
Where are silt loading samples collected?
Within 4 feet of the pavement edge.
Why are samples collected near the pavement edge?
That area is most likely to contribute dust to roadway traffic.
What multiplier is used in the Section 93 silt loading test?
0.38.
Why is the 0.38 multiplier used?
It estimates the amount of loose dust available for resuspension on road-related surfaces.
What is a PM10-efficient street sweeper?
A street sweeper designed to effectively collect fine particles without creating excessive dust emissions.
Why are PM10-efficient street sweepers required?
To reduce the resuspension of fine particulate matter during sweeping operations.
What type of street sweepers are prohibited from being used alone?
Dry rotary brush and blower-type sweepers.
Why is dry sweeping discouraged?
It can resuspend dust into the atmosphere.
What should be used with sweeping operations?
Water or PM10-efficient sweeping technology.
What type of crack-cleaning equipment is required?
Vacuum-type crack cleaning equipment.
Why are vacuum systems preferred over compressed air?
They capture dust instead of dispersing it into the atmosphere.
What records must be maintained under Section 93?
Control measure used, extent of coverage, and date applied.
What does extent of coverage mean?
The amount of area treated or stabilized.
How quickly must records be provided upon request?
Within 24 hours.
How long must records be retained?
At least 1 year.
What is the difference between Section 91 and Section 93?
Section 91 regulates unpaved roads while Section 93 regulates paved roads and associated shoulders and medians.
What is the difference between Section 92 and Section 93?
Section 92 regulates unpaved parking lots and storage areas while Section 93 regulates paved roads and associated shoulders and medians.
What is the primary source of PM10 under Section 93?
Trackout, shoulder dust, and accumulated material on paved roads.
Why are shoulders and medians inspected?
Because unstable shoulders and medians can generate fugitive dust emissions.
What is the purpose of shoulder stabilization?
To prevent soil erosion, reduce trackout, and minimize PM10 emissions.