B2 : Structure Function and Main Disorders of the Cardiovascular System

Capillary delivers

________ deoxygenated blood to Veins to be taken back to heart and lungs for oxygenation.

Veins

________- flows blood towards the heart from the body.

Engulfs

________ and destroys bacteria fungi and viruss (but not all)

Arterioles

________- small branch of artery connects to capillaries, venules- small branch of vein connecting to capillaries.

Lumen

________- Cavity in which blood flows through.

Mitral

________ valve- left atrium to left ventricle.

circulatory system

Double ________- blood passes through the heart twice each time it goes round the body.

Doughnout

________ shaped (maximises efficiency in transport) Filled with haemoglobin.

rich protein

Function: To hold haemoglobin- the iron ________ responsible for carrying oxygen to all cells.

Artery delivers

________ oxygen rich blood to capillaries.

Ventricular Systole

________- Muscles in ventricle walls contract.

CO2

Deoxygenated blood goes to the lungs where blood absorbs oxygen and releases ________.

Cardiac cycle

________: Two phases of systole and diastole.

Diastole

________- Heart muscles are relaxed.

Pressure

________- force or rate in which blood cells flow.

Septum

________- the wall separating left and ride sides of the heart.

Atrioventricular valves

________- mitral valve and tricuspid valve.

Valves

________- prevents backflow of blood.

Semilunar valves

________- aortic valve and the pulmonary valve.

Exchange of oxygen

________ and carbon dioxide occurs to all cells in the body.

High pressure +

________ Has a pulse.

Systole

________- heart muscles contract and pumps blood out of its chambers.

Gas exchange

________- movement of gas from area of high concentration to area of low concentration.

blood cells

Function: The liquid in which ________ float in.

left atrium

Blood enters the ________ and through the mitral valve enters the left ventricle.

inferior vena cava

Deoxygenated blood enters the superior and ________ and into the right atrium.

Heart pumps

________ oxygenated blood out of the left ventricle and into the aorta.

Two circulatory systems

Systemic and Pulmonary

Cardiac cycle

Two phases of systole and diastole

Overview

where blood cells flow through to transport its materials to the entire body

Lumen

Cavity in which blood flows through

Pressure

force or rate in which blood cells flow

Valves

prevents backflow of blood

Walls

thick as to maintain pressure and flow in arteries, thin as pressure is low in veins and capillaries

Veins

flows blood towards the heart from the body

No pulse

low pressure

Decreasing pressure as blood transfers to veins from arteries

No pulse

Structure

No nucleus

Structure

Colourless fluid

Function

The liquid in which blood cells float in

Structure

No colour

Function

Helps to clot cuts and wounds after an injury

Two types

Neutrophils (most common type and most essential part of immune system)

Function

Mostly helps to protect from developing infection

double circulatory system

blood passes through the heart twice each time it goes round the body

gas exchange

movement of gas from area of high concentration to area of low concentration

Lower 2 chambers

Ventricles

Top 2 chambers

atria (atrium)

Septum

the wall separating left and ride sides of the heart

Pulmonary Valve

right ventricle to pulmonary artery

Mitral valve

left atrium to left ventricle

Aortic Valve

left ventricle to aorta

semilunar valves

aortic valve and the pulmonary valve

atrioventricular valves

mitral valve and tricuspid valve

Systole

heart muscles contract and pumps blood out of its chambers

Atrial Systole

Muscles in atria walls contract

Ventricular Systole

Muscles in ventricle walls contract

Diastole

Heart muscles are relaxed