[CD] POST-TEST 1

B. Infection

What is the term which means the entry and development of an infectious disease in the body?

A. Incidence

B. Infection

C. Infestation

D. Incubation

A. Immunity

What is the term which means resistance of the body associated with the presence of antibodies or cells having specific action on microorganism or toxin?

A. Immunity

B. Mortality

C. Morbidity

D. Pathogenicity

C. Artificial active immunity

Vaccine confer

A. Natural active immunity

B. Natural passive immunity

C. Artificial active immunity

D. Artificial passive immunity

D. Artificial passive immunity

Gamma globulin is classified as

A. Natural active immunity

B. Natural passive immunity

C. Artificial active immunity

D. Artificial passive immunity

C. Virulence

The ability of a microorganism to establish, maintain and extend an infection is termed as

A. Parasitism

B. Toxicity

C. Virulence

D. Susceptibility

D. Malaria

Malaria = vector and indirect contact

Chicken pox = airborne

Measles = airborne

Mumps = airborne

Which of the following communicable disease is not through the upper respiratory system?

A. Chicken pox

B. Measles

C. Mumps

D. Malaria

Answer: B

The Schistosoma japonicum species primarily affects the liver and intestines.

A. Liver cancer is not the most common cause of death.

C. Bladder cancer: is not typically associated with schistosomiasis in the Philippines.

D. Intestinal perforation is not the leading cause of death though a severe case can lead to this.

In the Philippines, which condition is the most frequent cause of death associated with schistosomiasis?

A. Liver cancer

B. Liver cirrhosis

C. Bladder cancer

D. Intestinal perforation

B. Dengue

Dengue = vector

Gonorrhea, scabies, and syphilis can all be transmitted through direct contact with skin or mucous membranes (e.g., genitals, mouth, eyes)

Which of the following is not skin and mucous membrane entry?

A. Gonorrhea

B. Dengue

C. Scabies

D. Syphilis

A. Leprosy

Droplet; prolonged skin-to-skin contact

Which of the following communicable disease is not gastrointestinal tract as portal of entry?

A. Leprosy

B. Paratyphoid

C. Typhoid

D. Dysentery

D. Use of protective footwear, such as rubber boots

This choice is the most accessible and offers individual protection by minimizing contact with infected water, especially for activities like agriculture or fishing.

A. Use of molluscicides: This method directly targets the intermediate snail hosts of the Schistosoma parasite, interrupting the transmission cycle. It can be effective but requires careful planning, application, and environmental considerations.

B. Building of foot bridges: This aims to reduce contact with infested water bodies where snails thrive. While it can be helpful in specific situations, it might not be feasible or impactful in all settings.

C. Proper use of sanitary toilets: This option breaks the transmission cycle by preventing contamination of water sources with human waste containing parasite eggs. It's a crucial long-term solution that improves sanitation and overall health.

What is the most effective way of controlling schistosomiasis in an endemic area?

A. Use of molluscicides

B. Building of foot bridges

C. Proper use of sanitary toilets

D. Use of protective footwear, such as rubber boots

B. Reduce the metabolic demands of the liver

Hepatitis patients prescribed activity level is bed rest with bathroom privilege. The purpose of bed rest for the patient is to:

A. Reduce the body's need for oxygen

B. Reduce the metabolic demands of the liver

C. Control the spread of the disease

D. Prevent the breakdown of body's fats

C. Sputum culture

Sputum culture involves growing the TB bacteria from a sample of coughed-up mucus (sputum) in a laboratory. This allows for definitive identification of the specific TB bacteria strain and confirmation of active TB disease. Additionally, it enables susceptibility testing to determine the appropriate antibiotics for treatment.

A. Chest xray: This detects only lung lesions.

B. Mantoux test: This is a skin test that detects exposure to the TB bacteria but cannot differentiate between active TB infection and past exposure.

D. Tuberculin test: This is an outdated term for the same test as the Mantoux test and not a separate diagnostic tool.

Which diagnostic test is definitive for Tuberculosis?

A. Chest xray

B. Mantoux test

C. Sputum culture

D. Tuberculin test

D. Airborne; N95 mask

Tuberculosis is under ____ precautions and will always wear _____ when providing patient care:

A. Droplet; surgical mask

B. Droplet; N95 mask

C. Airborne; surgical mask

D. Airborne; N95 mask

B. Low grade fever, fatigue, and productive cough

A client is suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The nurse assesses the client which of the following signs and symptoms of TB?

A. Weight gain, insomnia, and night sweats

B. Low grade fever, fatigue, and productive cough

C. High fever, night sweats, and chest pain

D. Decreased appetite, dyspnea and chills

C. Direct observed treatment and short course

Which of the following comprehensive strategies used to detect and cure tuberculosis?

A. Category and treatment regimen

B. Case finding and maintenance

C. Direct observed treatment and short course

D. Strengthen national TB control program

D. German measles

Pathognomonic sign of Forscheimer spots can be seen in

A. Pertussis

B. Diphtheria

C. Chicken pox

D. German measles

D. None of the above

German measles incurred by pregnant women during their first trimester of pregnancy causes teratogenic effects which include, except:

A. Microcephaly

B. Congenital heart defects

C. Mental retardation

D. None of the above

A. Catarrhal

People can spread the bacteria from the start of the very first symptoms and for at least 2 weeks after coughing begins

Pertussis is being communicable during which stage of illness?

A. Catarrhal

B. Paroxysmal

C. Convalescence

D. All of this

A. Ineffective airway clearance

A nurse is preparing to care for an infant with pertussis. In planning care, the nurse addresses which most critical problem first?

A. Ineffective airway clearance

B. Fluid volume excess

C. Sleep pattern disturbance

D. High risk infection.

A. Nasal and throat secretions

Measles is one of the leading mortality in the country among children. The source of infection are

A. Nasal and throat secretions

B. Oral fecal contamination

C. Skin lesions and skin discharges

D. Food and water source is questionable

A. Rubeola

Measles is also known as

A. Rubeola

B. Varicella

C. Roseola

D. Rubella

B. Pneumonia

Death in measles is related to which of the following complications?

A. Encephalitis

B. Pneumonia

C. Systemic infection

D. Anaphylactic shock

C. After the last lesion has broken open and crusted over

At what point is a child with varicella no longer contagious?

A. By the time the lesions are visible

B. After the last lesion is no longer visible

C. After the last lesion has broken open and crusted over

D. Seven days after the initial presentation

A. Place the child in strict isolations; airborne and contact precautions

Signs of varicella

Which intervention is appropriate for a child who has crops of lesions on the trunk that appear as a macular rash and vesicles?

A. Place the child in strict isolations; airborne and contact precautions

B. Continue to practice standard precautions

C, Limit contact with pregnant child

D. Screen visitors for immunity to measles

B. Trunk

The lesions of chicken pox are found mainly on the

A. Soles of the feet

B. Trunk

C. Forearm

D. Palms of the hands

A.Young adult males

due to the potential involvement of the reproductive system. Mumps can cause orchitis, a painful inflammation of one or both testicles, in up to 30% of post-pubertal males with mumps. Orchitis can lead to testicular atrophy and, in rare cases, even infertility.

Young infants: While complications like meningitis or encephalitis can occur in any age group, they are relatively rare in young infants with mumps compared to young adult males.

Pregnant women: Although mumps during pregnancy can increase the risk of fetal complications like miscarriage or congenital malformations, these are not as frequent as the serious complications seen in young adult males.

Elderly: The elderly might be more vulnerable to general complications from any illness due to age-related decline in immune function.

Complications to infectious mumps may be serious in which type of clients?

A.Young adult males

B.Young infants

C.Pregnant women

D.Elderly

B. Sabin

The polio vaccine containing live attenuated viruses was developed by

A. Salk

B. Sabin

C. Kock's

D. Saben

B. Filariasis

Schistosomiasis = flatworm

Japanese Encephalitis = virus.

Amoebiasis = protozoa

Which of the following diseases is caused by a nematode?

A. Schistosomiasis

B. Filariasis

C. Japanese Encephalitis

D. Amoebiasis

C. Diphtheria

Klebs-Loeffler Bacillus is the etiologic agent of which communicable disease?

A. Schistosomiasis

B. Parotitis

C. Diphtheria

D. Pertussis

D. Wuchereria

The causative agent of Filariasis is

A. Schistosome

B. Trichinella

C. Culex

D. Wuchereria