HPE body system

what organs do the cardiovascular system rely heavily on?

heart, blood, blood vessels, and lungs

what are the 2 main functions of the cardiovascular system

delivery: moving oxygen, nutrients, hormones to your cells

removal: carry waste and carbon dioxide away from your cells to be eliminated

arteries carry_ from the heart to our body whereas veins carry _ from our body to our heart

1. oxygenated blood

2. deoxygenated blood

list the steps of blood flow starting with deoxygenated blood returning to the heart

1. deoxygenated blood enters right atrium through the vena cava> the triucuspid valve into the right ventricle, pumped through pulmonary valve & pulmonary arterty to the lungs.

2. oxygenated blood returns to pulmonary veins> to left atrium, moves to mitral valve > to left atrium, moves to mitral valve > left ventricle> to aortic valve> aorta

3. aorta then distributes this blood to rest of body

name all blood vessels, what happens to blood and describe walls

1. artieries. blood: away from heart. walls: thick, muscular, elastic to survive high pressure

2. veins. blood: carry blood towards from heart. wall: thin muscular walls

3. capillaries. blood: nutrients & wastes r exchanged. wall: extremely thin

which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

artery

what is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart from the tissues?

veins

which blood vessel type has the thinnest walls?

capillaries

describe high blood pressure disorder

constant high force against artery walls that can damage heart and vessels

describe coronary heart disease disorder

narrowing of the arteries that supply oxygen and blood directly to the heart muscle

descrive myocardial infarction disorder

a heart attack occurring when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, causing tissue death

describe cerebrovascular accident (CVA) disorder

a stroke occurring when blood flow to the brain is interrupted leading to the brain cell

larynx function

acts as a protective switch that channels air to the lungs and blocks food from entering the airway when you swallow.

trachea function

allow passage of oxygen and other gases to travel to the alveoli for diffusion

bronchus (bronchi) function

bring air from your windpipe and direct it to the airsacks in your lungs (alveoli)

bronchiole function

at the end of your bronchi, your bronchioles carry air to your alveoli

describe the pathway of air as it enters the respiratory system and the pathway of carbon dioxide as it leaves the body

Inhaling (Oxygen In): Air enters the pharynx, passes the larynx, and goes down the trachea. It then flows through the bronchi, into the bronchioles, and reaches the alveoli.

Exhaling (Carbon Dioxide Out): Carbon dioxide starts at the alveoli, moves up the bronchioles, and passes through the bronchi. It then travels up the trachea, goes through the larynx, and leaves through the pharynx.

explain what gas exchange is and describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the alveoli of the lungs.

gas exchange is process where body takes life-sustaining oxygen and removes waste carbon dioxide through the thin walls of lungs. inside alevoli’s, oxygen moves into surrounding blood vessels while carbon dioxide leaves the blood to be exhaled.

what is your respiratory disease you have chosen and what are its common causes?

asthma, which is commonly caused by triggers like allergies, exercise, cool air or irritant like smoke that make airway swell and narrow

provide 2 reasons how asthma affects the respiratory system and lung function

1. causes airways to swell and tighten which blocks air in and out of lungs

2. inflammation can cause mucus, that further blocks the tube and reduces efficiency of gas exchange

who is at the highest risk of developing asthma? are there any specific age group or lifestyles that are more susceptible?

developing asthma comes from family history, through it frequently effects children (mostly early childhood age group) and people exposed to environmental triggers (smoke, chemical, flames).