Disease examples (for Biology) - Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses; Plants and Animals (+ quick examples for protists just in case)

Humans bacteria

Food poisoning caused by Salmonella (or E. coli)

- Salmonella

Humans fungi

Athlete’s foot

(cracked + flaking skin; direct contact + is highly contagious; live + multiply within warm and humid environ)

Human virus (+ protist one mentioned here too)

HIV (—> AIDS when body no longer able to fight common (potentially life threatening) infections) (an STI)

Malaria

Plants Bacteria

Crown gall disease

- Agrobacterium Tumefaciens

(enters plant through a wound; eventually causes tumour like growths + can cut off sap flow (stunted growth + kill plant))

Plants Fungi

Barley Powdery Mildew

- Erysiphe graminis (one type)

(on surface of leaves + stems; spreads by spores via wind; more common in warm + humid atmospheres; white powdery coating; reduces photosynthesis and therefore crop yield)

Plants Viruses (+ protist one)

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

- Tobacco Mosaic Virus

(discoloured patches on leaves; prevent chloroplasts from forming —> stunted growth —> lower quality and reduced crop yield)

Downy mildew

Relationship between HIV and Tuberculosis; HPV and Cervical Cancer

HIV attacks white blood cells (immune system) —> vulnerable to other infections + diseases then —> more risk of Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis btw:

• Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

• Usually attacks the lungs

  • Persistent cough; Phlegm (+ blood); Chest pain; Night sweats; Fever

• Airborne (sneezes + coughs send tiny droplets into air), with pathogen being able to stay suspended in the air for several hours

• etc. don’t need the rest (eg. Treatment and Prevention)

Human Papillomavirus (sometimes genital warts or oral ones) —> can damage cell DNA + interfere with cell cycle control (ie. increases risk of cancer developing overall) —> uncontrollable cell division —> tumour formation = Cervical cancer

Lesions?

Plant lesions are damaged or diseased areas on plant tissues (leaves, stems, or roots) caused by pathogens like fungi, bacteria, viruses, or environmental stressors. They typically appear as spots, blotches, or sunken cracks, and are a plant's visible reaction to infection or physical damage.