States of Matter and Changes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the states of matter and changes of state as discussed in the lecture.

Solid

A state of matter with a fixed shape and fixed volume, where particles are closely packed and cannot be compressed.

Liquid

A state of matter with no fixed shape but a fixed volume, where particles are close together but can slide over each other.

Gas

A state of matter with no fixed shape or volume, where particles are far apart and can be compressed.

Diffusion

The spreading of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Melting

The change of state from solid to liquid, occurring when heat energy is absorbed and particles gain kinetic energy.

Freezing

The change of state from liquid to solid, occurring when energy is released and particles lose kinetic energy.

Boiling

The change of state from liquid to gas, occurring when particles gain enough kinetic energy to overcome forces of attraction.

Evaporation

The process where a liquid changes into gas, occurring at the surface of the liquid over a range of temperatures.

Condensation

The process where a gas changes into liquid, which occurs when gas particles lose energy.

Sublimation

The process where a solid changes directly into gas without passing through the liquid state.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The theory that explains the behavior of particles in different states of matter based on their energy and movement.