Mitosis & Meiosis

Mitosis

Cell division process responsible for growth, repair, and production of identical body cells.

Interphase

Phase of the cell cycle involving growth, DNA replication, and preparation for cell division.

Nucleus

Cellular organelle that houses DNA, containing genetic information.

DNA

Genetic material crucial for cell function and inheritance of traits.

Chromosomes

Condensed units of DNA and proteins, organizing genetic material in cells.

Centromere

Part of a chromosome where sister chromatids are held together.

PMAT

Stages of Mitosis - Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Meiosis

Cell division process contributing to genetic diversity, producing gametes with half the chromosome number.

Homologous

Chromosomes of the same size and gene type, pairing up during meiosis for genetic exchange.

Crossing over

Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, creating genetic variation.

Nondisjunction

Failure of chromosomes to separate correctly during cell division.

Cytokinesis

Final stage of cell division, involving the physical separation of the cytoplasm.

Diploid

Cells with two sets of chromosomes, typical of body cells in mitosis.

Gametes

Sperm and egg cells with half the chromosome number, produced in meiosis for sexual reproduction.