Formation of Elements

Neutron capture reaction

________- formed elements that have atomic mass higher than iron.

Cosmology

________ (Cosmos- universe)- study of physical universe, its origin, evolution, and fate.

Black hole

________- is a region in space where gravity is too strong that no matter can escape from it.

hydrogen fuel

When the ________ runs out the star contracts inward through gravity causing it to expand.

Nuclear reactions

________- can describe the birth, life, and death of the stars.

Stellar Explosion

________ or Supernova- formation of elements heavier than iron (Fe)

Stellar nucleosynthesis

________- is a cosmological event when the elements beryllium to iron are formed through nuclear fusion.

Fusion

________- formed elements with an atomic mass that is within the range of beryllium and iron.

T Tauri star

________- begins when materials stop falling into the Protostar and release tremendous energy.

Big Bang Theory

________- explains how the elements initially formed which involves many chemical reactions including fusion, fission, and radioactive decay.

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

________- formation of the light elements, hydrogen (H), helium (He), and lithium (Li)

Nucleosynthesis

________- formed light elements.

Stellar Evolution

\- formation of the heavy elements.

Primordial or Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

\- process of producing the "light elements "shortly after Big Bang.

Big Bang

The ________ is an expansion of space.

energy

More ________, higher temperature- what is needed to form heavier elements.

Hydrogen

________- oldest, most abundant, and lightest element

Singularity

________- dense hot supermassive.

earliest elements

Hydrogen and Helium- ________.

heavy elements

The density inside a star is great enough to sustain fusion for extended time periods required to synthesize ________.

Supernova

________- explosive death of a star.

Elements

________ higher than iron- requires tremendous amount of energy to be formed.

Cosmic Microwave Background

\- leftover radiation from Big Bang.

identity of the element

The ________ depends on how many protons it has.

Neutron capture reaction

________- in supernova, this takes place, leading to formation of heavy elements.

Big Bang Theory

________- explains the continuous expansion of the universe.

Stellar Nucleosynthesis

________- the formation of heavy elements by fusion of lighter nuclei in the interior of stars (Beryllium to Iron)

Nucleosynthesis

________- the process that creates new atomic nucleus from preexisting nucleons, which is proton neutrons.

Heavy Elements

________- were formed only billions of years after the formation of the stars.

Elements heavier than iron

________ can not be formed through fusion as tremendous amount of energy are needed for the reaction to occur.

Heavy elements

________ are created by the addition of more neutrons to existing nuclei instead of fusion of light nuclei.

Composition of the Universe

92 elements 73% hydrogen 25% helium

Natural

through nuclear reaction

Synthetic

human technology

Big Bang Theory

explains how the elements initially formed which involves many chemical reactions including fusion, fission, and radioactive decay

13.7 billion years old

age of the universe

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

formation of the light elements, hydrogen (H), helium (He), and lithium (Li)

Stellar Evolution or Formation

formation of the heavy elements

Stellar Explosion or Supernova

formation of elements heavier than iron (Fe)

Nucleosynthesis

the process that creates new atomic nucleus from preexisting nucleons, which is proton neutrons

Primordial or Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

process of producing the "light elements" shortly after Big Bang

Isotope

form of element that has the same atomic number of the original element but with different atomic mass or mass number

Heavy Elements

were formed only billions of years after the formation of the stars

Stellar Nucleosynthesis

the formation of heavy elements by fusion of lighter nuclei in the interior of stars (Beryllium to Iron)

Supernova

heavier elements are formed here

Supernova

explosive death of a star

Neutron capture reaction

in supernova, this takes place, leading to formation of heavy elements

Elements higher than iron

requires tremendous amount of energy to be formed

Nucleosynthesis

formed light elements

Fusion

formed elements with an atomic mass that is within the range of beryllium and iron

Neutron capture reaction

formed elements that have atomic mass higher than iron

More energy, higher temperature

what is needed to form heavier elements

Nuclear reactions

can describe the birth, life, and death of the stars

Big Bang Theory

explains the continuous expansion of the universe

Red shift theory

the shift of galaxies was directly proportional to the distance of the galaxy from earth

Hydrogen and Helium

earliest elements

Singularity

dense hot supermassive

Stellar nucleosynthesis

is a cosmological event when the elements beryllium to iron are formed through nuclear fusion

Protostar

when the nebula collapse due to its gravitational force it will become this

T-Tauri star

begins when materials stop falling into the Protostar and release tremendous energy

Red Supergiant

largest star in the universe

Neutron star

smallest star in the universe

Black hole

is a region in space where gravity is too strong that no matter can escape from it

Uranium

\- heaviest natural element

Lithium

\- third lightest element.

92%

percent of elements in the composition of the universe

73%

percent of hydrogen in composition of the universe

25%

percent of helium in composition of the universe

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

hydrogen, helium, and lithium were formed during this

Stellar evolution or formation

heavy elements from beryllium to iron were formed during this

Supernova

this formed elements heavier than iron

Protons + Neutrons

to get the atomic mass

Atomic number

this is the same number with protons

Black dwarf

happens when the white dwarf cools down and no longer emits light and heat

White dwarf

happens when a red giant star becomes exhausted of nuclear fuel; the outer material is blown off into space and become

Neutron star

this is the remnant of the explosion of a massive star

Iron

most stable element

nebula

 a star originates from this large cloud of gas and dust