Reproductive Radiology

portion of the male reproductive system seen ventral to the rectum & caudal to the bladder

prostate

on a laterla projection, the prostate should be __ the distance of sacral promontory to the pubis

<90%

on a VD projection, the prostate should be __ the width of the pelvic inlet

<50%

T/F: all common prostate gland diseases cause decreased prostate size

false

what do these radiographic findings align with?

• dorsal displacement ± compression of colon

• cranial displacement of bladder

• assess shape & opacity

prostatomegaly

what are the ddx for prostatic enlargement?

benign prostatic hyperplasia, neoplasia, cyst/abscess, prostatitis

most common prostatic neoplasia where you often see prostatic mineralization

adenocarcinoma

T/F: radiographs are the best way to evaluate testicles

false

located between the colon and urinary bladder and is not usually visible on radiographs

uterus

method used to help detect mild uteromegaly on survery radiographs

compression radiography

What do these radiographic findings indicate?

• lateral

  • soft tissue tubular structure between colon & bladder

  • may cause secondary cranial & dorsal displacement of small intestine & colon

• VD

  • soft tissue tubular structure laying along lateral edges of abdominal cavity

  • may cause secondary medial displacement of small intestine & colon

uteromegaly

what are ddx for uteromegaly?

gravid or post partum uterus, pyometra, hydrometra, mucometra

T/F: before 38-45 days of gestation, you can differentiate between different types of uteromegaly

false

when does mineralization of fetal structures occur in cats & dogs?

38-45 days gestation

T/F: when obtaining a fetal number you should count only skulls or spines

false, skulls & spines

__ is difficult delivery

dystocia

what are the common causes of dystocia?

fetal malposition & fetomaternal disproportion & pelvic canal abnormality

T/F: radiographic signs are not evident until 24hrs post fetal death?

true

what do these radiographic findings suggest?

• intrafetal or intrauterine gas

• hyperflexed or hyperextended fetal skeleton

• collapsed/overlapping skull bones

fetal death

__ are not normally seen on survey radiographs & lie caudal to their respective kidney

ovaries

what are ddx for ovarian enlargement?

ovarian mass & cystic ovarian disease

8 yo female staff terrier, hx of PU?PD, febrile & lethargic

what are the findings, conclusion & DDX?

findings: mid ventral abdomen are tortuous fluid filled structures, narrowing of colon at pelvic inlet

conclusion: uteromegaly

DDX: pyometra, mucometra, hydrometra, gravid uterus

poppy is a 5 yo female yorkie who is in labor but has not birthed any puppies & appear to be in distress

what are the findings & DDX?

findings: two well mineralized feti located in cranial abdomen & pelvic inlet

DDX: dystocia

4 yo bichon frise, day 55 gestation. check for fetal viability & number

rad dx & findings?

findings: 6 well mineralized feti

dx: late gestation

12 yo male neutered spaniel presents for lethargy, ribbon stools & tenesmus

what are the findings, conclusion & ddx?

findings: smooth, round margination of the prostate w/ mineralization, fat triangle between urinary bladder & prostate is decreased

conclusion: prostatomegaly w/ mineralization

ddx: neoplasia vs cyst

8 yo male intact labrador presents for straining to urinate and tenesmus

findings, ddx, conclusion

findings: smooth, round margination of the prostate w/ mineralization, fat triangle between urinary bladder & prostate is decreased

conclusion: prostatomegaly w/ mineralization

ddx: neoplasia vs cyst