Genetics and NYS lab biodiversity

Heredity

The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to another to ensure offspring resemble their parents.

DNA Replication

The process of copying DNA molecules to ensure genetic information is accurately passed on during cell division.

Protein Synthesis

The cellular process where genetic information stored in DNA is used to create proteins essential for cell functions.

Mutation

Any alteration in the DNA sequence, which can result from random events or exposure to external factors like radiation or chemicals.

Gene Expression

The process by which genetic information is used to create proteins, influenced by the environment and cell type.

Genetic Engineering

Manipulating DNA to produce new characteristics in organisms, including inserting human genes into bacteria to produce needed substances.

Biodiversity

The variety of species in ecosystems, which increases stability and resilience to environmental changes.

Gel Electrophoresis

A technique to separate DNA fragments based on size, used to determine genetic relatedness between species.

Paper Chromatography

A method to separate plant pigments, helping to assess the relatedness of different species based on shared pigments.

Translating DNA to Protein

The process of converting DNA sequences into mRNA and then into amino acid sequences to produce proteins.