Fluid Management & Blood Products

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to fluid management and blood products from Dr. Whitney Steinkellner's lecture.

Osmolality

Measurement of solute versus solvent.

Osmosis

Liquids movement across a semi-permeable membrane.

Semi-permeable Membrane

Membrane allowing a solvent to pass through it but not a solute.

Solute

Particle (such as a salt).

Solution

Solute/solvent mixed together.

Solvent

Liquid (such as water).

Tonicity

Measure of osmotic pressure between solutions.

Intracellular Fluid

Fluid inside cells, comprising 40% of body weight.

Extracellular Fluid

Fluid outside cells, divided into blood and interstitial compartments, comprising 20% of body weight.

Crystalloids

Liquid solutions containing mineral salts and/or water-soluble molecules that flow easily through semi-permeable membranes.

Colloids

Solutions with larger molecules that are used to expand plasma, are always hypertonic.

Hypertonic Solution

High solute/low solvent solution that causes osmotic flow out of the cell.

Isotonic Solution

Equal solute/solvent solution with no osmotic flow.

Hypotonic Solution

Low solute/high solvent solution that causes osmotic flow into the cell.

Dehydration

State caused by excessive fluid loss from various origins such as vomiting or diarrhea.

Fluid Overload

Condition arising from excess sodium consumption or fluid retention, leading to edema.

Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC)

Component of whole blood that increases red blood cell volume in controlled volume for anemia.

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

Portion of blood containing coagulation factors, used to increase ability to clot.

Albumin

Protein that increases fluid volume using oncotic pressure.

Transfusion Reaction

Adverse effects that can occur during a blood transfusion, including allergic reactions.

Fluid Management

The process of monitoring and administering fluids to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.