Lab Practical 4

bio 2

four tissue types found in mammalian body

epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

epithelial tissue

covers every surface of the vertebrate body; protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration

connective tissue

supporting, binding, and protecting various structures in the body,, while also facilitating transport and storage of nutrients

muscle tissue

contraction causes bones to move

nerve tissue

transmitting signals throughout the body, coordinating bodily functions and processing information, enabling responses to internal and external stimuli

nucleus in simple squamous epithelial cell

dark purple

where do you find simple squamous epithelial cells in the body

lining of lungs, capillary walls, and blood vessels

simple columnar or simple squamous

simple columnar

simple columnar or simple squamous

simple squamous

where do you find simple columnar epithelial cells in the body

surface lining of stomach, intestines, and parts of respiratory tract

what is the function of the goblet cells

produce mucus

what is this

simple cuboidal

where do you find simple cuboidal epithelial cells in the body

lining of some glands and kidney tubules; covering of ovaries

what is this

pseudostratified

what region contains the stem cells for the blood cells in the body

bone marrow

cartilage is located in what

lacunae

what is this

dense regular connective tissue

plaque

athro scelosis

how do you know its a female pig

ventral to tail

how do you know its a male pig

caudal to umbilical cord

intracellular digestion

digestion takes place inside cells, dont have true digestive system: sponge

gastrovascular cavity

digestive system with only one opening: hydra

complete gut

digestive system with two openings: reptiles, birds, mammals

red bone marrow

RBC, WBC, platelets; inside flat bones; produce new blood cells from stem cells; in fetus and young through entire skeleton. sternum, vertebrae, ribs, carpals, metacarpals, tarsals, pelvis, skull

yellow bone marrow

produces fat cells, cartilage, bone; in central cavities of long bones; mostly fat; replaces red bone marrow with age. humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula

axial skeleton

skull: zygomatic, maxilla, mandible; vertebral column: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacrum, 4 coccyx

appendicular skeleton

arms: humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges; leg: femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

mouth

make bolus

esophagus

structures: peristalsis

stomach

structures: rugae

pancrease

exocrine: digestive enzymes, endocrine: insulin, glucagon; structures: acini cell, islets of langerhans

liver

make bile; structures: hepatic portal vein

gall bladder

store and release bile; structure: cystic duct

coronary arteries

supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

coronary veins

take nutrient poor deoxygenated blood away from heart muscle back to right atrium

insect open or closed circulation system

open

sea horse open or closed circulation system

closed

reptiles open or closed circulation system

closed

human open or closed circulation system

closed

what is this

amphibian heart; 3 chambered heart

what is this

reptile/turtle; 3 chambered heart except crocodile

function of larynx

breathing, sound production, protecting airway from food aspiration

hydra

asexual; budding

sea star

asexual; regeneration

mouse, pig, human

sexual

function of arrector pili muscle in skin

thermoregulation, contracts to pull hair vertically, “goosebump”

function of sebaceous gland

make and secrete sebum- substance that provides a protective coating for your skin to help it retain moisture

where in the skin can you find receptors for pain, pressure, temperature

dermis

what is the blind spot in the eye

optic disc

which part of the brain controls high function thoughts

cerebrum - frontal lobe

which part of the brain maintains basic homeostasis of the body

hypothalamus