Head, Spine, Joints

What is the purpose of the spinal column?

provide stability for functional movement

Lordosis

anterior curve of spinal column

Kyphosis

Posterior Cruves of spinal column

What is the name of the joint that:

● Interface between skull and spinal column

(C1 - Atlas)

● Provides initial movements for flexion and

extension

● “Yes” Joint

Atlanto-occipital Joint, Atlantoaxial joint, temporomandibular

Atlantoaxial Joint

What is the name of the joint that:

• Supplies much of the movement for Rotation

• Joint between C1 (atlas) and C2 (Axis)

• “No” Joint

Atlanto-occipital Joint, Atlantoaxial joint, temporomandibular

Atlantoaxial joint

What is the name of the joint that:

• Positioned on either side of the jaw

• Only synovial joint in the head

• Allows for eating, swallowing, and communicating

Atlanto-occipital Joint, Atlantoaxial joint, temporomandibular

temporomandibular

temporomandibular two movements of head

lateral deviation, protraction/retraction

temporomandibular movements of mouth

closing mouth (elevation), opening mouth (depression)

The pelvis functions as the

stable base of support for head, arms, and trunk

What is the starting point for evaluation positioning

the pelvis

If the pelvis is imbalanced, what is most likely to be impacted on the entire body

symmetry

Anatomical position of pelvis is tilted

anterior

Sacroiliac joint

designed to stabilize pelvis and has limited mobility

what joint is formed between the two hip bones and sacrum

sacroiliac

what do the three distinct portions of the hip bones form

acetabulum

the acetabulum is connected by the

SI joint and pubic symphysis

what are the three parts of hip bone

ilium, ischium, pubis

which of the three bony landmarks of the pelvis is most inferior

ischial tuberosity

What is described the opening for urogenital and anorectal structures, and is controlled by sphincter muscles

pelvic floor

damage to the pelvic floor most likely can lead to

incontinence and issues to sexual incontinence/intimacy

incontinence

loss of control of bowel or bladder

involuntary leaking of bowel/bladder due to increased abdominal pressure is called:

stress incontinence or urge incontinence

stress incontinence

inability to control bowel/bladder until an appropriate time for elimination

is called:

stress incontinence or urge incontinence

urge incontinence

Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic floor weakness leads to herniation of the uterus,

recum, or vagina

Interventions for Pelvic Floor Prolapse

surgery and PF exercise

In pelvic floor prolapse, what is it called when the bladder falls into uterus:

cystocele, uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, enterocoele

cystocele

In pelvic floor prolapse, what is it called when the uterus drops into

vagina:

cystocele, uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, enterocoele

uterine prolapse

In pelvic floor prolapse, what is it called when top of

vaginal falls into vaginal canal

cystocele, uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, enterocoele

vaginal vault prolapse

In pelvic floor prolapse, small bowel pushes

against vagina

cystocele, uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, enterocoele

enterocoele

which pelvic floor prolapse leads to a hysterectomy

VVP

Nerve root compression resulting from

narrowing of intervertebral foramen

• Occurs with fractures, OA, or thinning of

disks

• Leads to sensorimotor deficits in

muscles/dermatome of nerve root

Is Called?

Radiculopathy

Anylosing Spondylitis

Neuropathy

Radiculopathy

Inflammatory condition that leads to

fusion of skeletal structures

● Can begin in SI and move to vertebrae

Is Called?

Radiculopathy

Anylosing Spondylitis

Neuropathy

Anylosing Spondylitis

A patient comes in presenting symptoms of inflammation in the spine causing fusion of the structures. What is a possible intervention you may recommend?

• splint

• brace and surgery

• surgery

• rehabilitation/compensatory strategies

rehabilitation/compensatory strategies

Mild rib fractures can heal on their own because:

• they are held in place by the sternoclavicular joint

• they are held in place by the vertebrae

• they are held in place by intercostal muscles

  • they actually CANNOT heal on their own and require a brace

they are held in place by intercostal muscles

If a rib fracture begins to impact lungs or other vital organs, it is classified as: severe , mild, moderate

severe

What is the recommended sleep position?

• on back with knees supported

• on back with knees declined

• on back with knees bent at 90 degrees

• on back with knees straight

on back with knees supported

Spinal Injuries can NOT occur from which of the following:

• improper lifting

• traumatic injury

• age related change

• psychosocial factors

psychosocial factors

Which is an example of high impact trauma for spinal cord Injury:

• falling

• MVA

• poor posture

MVA

What are the two different events of spinal cord injury

complete and incomplete

What is considered a high impact trauma spinal cord injury

an injury that blocks transmission of neurological signals from brain to body

what are the three spinal precautions

no bending, lifting, or twisting

Which best describes the role of core stability in an infant:

• trunk control facilitates crawling

●ifting heavy objects

●functional mobility

trunk control facilitates crawling

Which best describes the role of core stability in an adult:

• trunk control facilitates crawling

●ifting heavy objects

●functional mobility

lifting heavy objects

Which best describes the role of core stability in an older adult:

• trunk control facilitates crawling

●ifting heavy objects

●functional mobility

functional mobility

A patient comes in with rigid muscles, joint contractures and spasms. They most likely have:

• Hypotonia

• Hypertonia

• Rigid Flexion Syndrome

hypertonia

When handling a patient with a spinal cord injury you should:

• Lifting from your legs, straighten your stance, engaging your core

• Lifting from your legs, staggering your stance, engaging your core

Lifting from your legs, staggering your stance, engaging your core

• Can occur from CVA or TBI

• Abnormal muscle tone, weakness,

paralysis

• Can lead to vestibular, visual, or

somatosensory issues

Best describes what clinical implication?

Sciatica, Hemiparesis, Pelvic misalignment

Hemiparesis

• Caused by tightness in piriformis,

compression of back of leg

• Pain, paresthesia in legs

Best describes what clinical implication?

Sciatica, Hemiparesis, Pelvic misalignment

sciatica

What organs are most likely to be affected due to a pelvic fracture

bladder, intestines, kidneys

Who is the target population for pelvic positioning concerns?

• older adults

• wheel chair users

• students

• office workers

wheel chair users

What part of the pelvis is most prone to pressure sores?

• pSIS

• aSIS

• Ischial tuberosity

• Coccyx

Ischial tuberosity

A baby with CP is most likely to have: hypertonia or hypotnoia

hypertonia

Core stability most impacts what type of mobility:

• passive mobility

• assistive mobility

• functional mobility

• assistive - passive mobility

functional mobility