Chapter 4-general properties of solutions

What are solutions?

Defined as homogeneous mixtures of two or more pure substances

Whats a solvent?

The substance present in greatest abundance (almost always a liquid)

Whats a solute?

A substance that could be a solid (s), a liquid (l), or a gas (g) →does not have the greatest abundance

When an ionic compound dissolves in water, the ions are said to ___

dissociate

What are the three hydro__ acids that are strong acids?

1. Hydrochloric acid HCl

2. Hydrobromic acid HBr

3. Hydroiodic acid HI

What are the four other strong acids without the prefix Hydro ?

1. Chloric acid HClO₃

2. Perchloric acid HClO₄

3. Nitric acid HNO₃

4. Sulfuric acid (first proton) H₂SO₄

What are the strong bases?

1. the Group 1A metal hydroxides (OH)

2. the heavy Group 2A metal hydroxides (OH)₂

What are strong electrolytes?

They dissolve and disassociate 100% in water + forms ions + conducts electricity

What are weak electrolytes?

They give limited amount of ions in solutions + poor conductors

What are non electrolytes?

They produce negligible amount of ions in a solution

Reactions that result in the formation of a insoluble product are known as ___ reactions

precipitation reactions

True or False: A substance with a solubility of <0.01 mol/L is insoluble

TRUE

Only strong electrolytes dissolved in aqueous solution are written in __ form

ionic form

Weak electrolytes and nonelectrolytes are written in their ___ form

complete chemical form