Bac Infection Chapter 1-2

Pathogen

a microorganism that can cause a disease

Pathogenicity

the ability to cause disease

Virulence

how severe the pathogenicity is

Opportunistic pathogen

a microorganism that does not hurt the host usually (usually skin bacteria) that can cause infection with weakened defenses

Infection

When a pathogen invades a host, triggering immune response

Disease

When the normal function of the body is disrupted, causing symptoms

Lysozume

Digests the peptidoglycan, lyses growing bacteria (between NAM and NAG)

sIgA antibodies

Binds and coats bacteria surface, trapping it then slough off

Lactoferrin

Sequesters iron, prevents growth of bacteria

Phospholipase A2

Digests bacterial cytoplasmic membrane

Antimicrobial cationic peptides A/B-defensins

Borrows into bacteria membranes and forms pores, toxic for bacteria

Th cells

antigen recognition/ immune system regulation

B cells

Produces IgA

M cells

Engulfs bacteria, brings to macrophages from lumen to epithelial cells

Macrophages/ DCs

Eats and digest bacteria and give antigens to Th cells

Eyes

Tears

Airways

Mucus; ciliated epithelial cells to propel bacteria away

Stomach

Acidic environment

Small intestine

Rapid flow of contents; sloughing off epithelial cells

Bile Salts

deprotonation; dissipates electrical potential; leacks intracellular potassium and cellular proteins

Secondary Bile Acid (DCA)

good against Gram-positive bacteria and Intestinal pathogens

Vaginal tract

Resident microbiota; sloughing epithelial cells; vaginal fluid; cilia

Bladder

sphincter; flushing of urine