DIVS LEC 3- Immigrants, Refugees, and Cultural Idioms of Distress

This set of flashcards covers the vocabulary and historical concepts related to immigrants and refugees in Canada, cultural expressions of distress, and the history and impact of systemic racism in health care.

Premigration

The period of time before individuals begin to leave their place of origin and embark on the journey of migration.

Migration

The actual journey taken by individuals to reach their destination (Canada), involving the route and duration of travel.

Post Migration

The period following arrival in the destination country, involving adaptation, language learning, and settlement into a new environment.

Integration (Individual Strategy)

An acculturation strategy where the individual maintains their own cultural identity while simultaneously becoming a participant in the host culture.

Assimilation (Individual Strategy)

An acculturation strategy where the individual gives up their own cultural identity and becomes absorbed into the host culture.

Separation (Individual Strategy)

An acculturation strategy where the individual maintains their own cultural identity and rejects involvement with the host culture.

Marginalization (Individual Strategy)

An acculturation strategy where the individual does not identify with or participate in either their own culture or the host culture.

Multiculturalism (Host Country Strategy)

A strategy of the host country that values and fosters diversity, often described as a Cultural Mosaic.

Melting Pot (Host Country Strategy)

A strategy of the host country that seeks acculturation into the dominant culture.

Segregation (Host Country Strategy)

A strategy of the host country that forces the separation of different cultural groups.

Exclusion (Host Country Strategy)

A strategy of the host country that imposes marginalization on certain groups.

Cultural Idioms of Distress

Alternative modes of expressing suffering, related to personal and cultural meaning, often manifesting as physical symptoms (e.g., pain, fatigue) rather than mental health descriptions.

Cultural Concepts of Distress (CCD)

The ways that cultural groups experience, understand, and communicate suffering, behavioral problems, or troubling thoughts or emotions.

Cultural Syndromes

A collection of signs and symptoms that is specific to a particular culture, included under the umbrella of Cultural Concepts of Distress in the DSM-V.

Cultural Explanations

The specific way a particular culture explains the root cause or reason why distress or illness is occurring.

Ataque de nervios

A syndrome among individuals of Latino descent characterized by intense emotional upset (screaming, trembling) and a sense of being out of control.

Khyaˆl (Wind Attacks)

A cultural syndrome suffered by traumatized Cambodian refugees, closely associated with PTSD and manifesting as panic attacks.

Dish With One Spoon

A treaty territory between the Anishnaabe, Missisaugas, and Haudenoshaunee people based on the collective need to share territory and protect the land.

Code Noir

Colonial slave laws that required owners to provide food and shelter but also allowed for violent punishments such as branding, mutilation, and murder.

Marie Joseph Angelique

An enslaved woman in New France who was tortured and hanged in 1734 for allegedly starting a fire that destroyed parts of Montreal as an act of rebellion.

Slavery Abolition Act (1833)

British legislation that took effect in 1834, though it only immediately emancipated children under the age of six, retaining others as 'apprentices.'

Africville

A Black community in Nova Scotia that was destroyed in the 1960s to build the Mckay Bridge and a garbage dump immediately adjacent to the town.

Chinese Head Tax

A fee imposed by the Chinese Immigrant Act of 1885, starting at $50$ and later rising to $100$ and $500$, to discourage Chinese immigration.

Chinese Exclusion Act (1923)

Legislation, officially called the Chinese Immigration Act, that banned virtually all immigration from China to Canada until its repeal in 1947.

Continuous Journey Regulation

A 1908 amendment to the Immigration Act that barred the landing of any immigrant who did not arrive via a direct, non-stop journey, targeting South Asians.

Hate Incidents

Actions of discrimination or prejudice that are not against the criminal code but are based on bias regarding race, religion, or other factors.

Structural Racism

Macrolevel systems, social forces, and institutions that interact to generate and reinforce inequities among racial groups, even in the absence of individual intent.

Racial Trauma

Traumatic stress resulting from repeated exposure to news headlines of violence and trauma directed towards individuals of the same racial community.

Linguistic Competence

The delivery of services in a manner that meets the language needs of a diverse population, including the use of trained interpreters.