Invertebrates WHOLE UNIT TEST (use this one if you are studying)!!!!

What is an invertebrate?

• an animal without a backbone

• a mammal

• an animal with a backbone

• birds

an animal WITHOUT a backbone

Sponges use pores to _____

• move from place to place

• filter food from the water

• defend themselves

• breathe

filter food from the water

What is the term for collar cells of sponges?

• hermaphrodites

• osculum

• spongocoel

• choanocytes

choanocytes

Which of the following phyla has a majority of species with a close respiratory system?

• mollusca

• annelida

• arthropoda

• all of the above

annelida

The main opening through which water, waste, and sperm exit a sponge is the ______

• osculum

• spicule

• amoebocyte

• choanocytes

osculum

Many species of sponges are hermaphrodites. This means they…..

• are attached to the surface

• produce both sperm and eggs

• filter feed

• reproduce sexually and asexually

produce both egg and sperm cells

I have tentacles with stinging cells and radial symmetry. I am a sea anemone. Which phylum do I belong too?

• arthropod

• cnidarian

• echinoderm

• mollusk

cnidarian

The main difference between flukes and tapeworm is…..

• feeding habits

• anatomy

• one is harmful to humans

• all of the above

feeding habits

What phylumn are jelllyfish?

cnidarians

What phylum are squid?

mollusk

What phylum are spiders?

anthropoda

What phylum are leeches?

annelida

A body cavity in an triploblastic organisim can form a coelom because of which layer? (ecto, endo, meso)

mesoderm

Snails, slugs, clams, oysters, and squids are all part of which phyla?

• annelid

• porifera

• mollusk

• cnidarian

mollusk

Which of the following phylum has radial symmetry?

• annelid

• porifera

• mollusk

• cnidarians

cnidarians

A radula is used to…..

• scrape algea from rocks, chunks of tissue from seaweed, or pieces

• control breathing, movement and digestion

• pass out of the host with their waste

• regenerate

scrape algea from rocks, chunks of tissue from seaweed, or pieces

Which of the following is NOT one of the main body parts for all members of the arthropod phylum?

• head

• gills

• abdomen

• thorax

gills

Which type of arthropoda is a termite considered if the organisim has two main body parts-cephalothoraw (head and thorax) and abdomen?

• crustaceans

• arachnids

• centipede/millipede

• insects

insects??

Which member of the arthropod phylum kills more insects than any otehr animal?

• millipedes

• ticks

• scorpians

• spiders

spiders

What phyla would segmented worms be found?

• porifera

• arthropods

• annelids

• mollusks

annelids

______ lack a coelom, often having a gastrovascular cavity instead

• deuterostomes

• protostomes

• tripoblasts

• diploblasts

diploblasts

Which of the following evolutionary innovations is correctly paired with its functional advantage?

• radial symmetry- faciliates high-speed predation in terrestrial enviorments

• diploblastic germ layers- provides foundation for a complete mesoderm-derived circulatory system

• acolomate body plan- allows for complex organ systems and a hydrostatic skeleton

• bilateral symmetry- promotes cephalization and directional movement

bilateral symmetry

-anus developes first, then mouth

coelem

-initial opening in embryonic development

blastopore

-ecotoderm, meoderm, endoderm

triploblastic

-segments are often fused into functional units (head, thorax, and abdomen)

tagmata

-layer of tissue that covers the visceral mass

mantle

Which of the following phyla are brittle stars?

• porifera

• Arthropods

• Echinodermata

• Mollusks

Echinodermata

What phyla are most/all insects?

• porifera

• Cnidarians

• Mollusca

• Arthropoda

• Echinodermata

Arthropoda

Which phyla means “pore-bearing” in Latin?

• porifera

• Cnidarian

• Mollusca

• Arthropoda

Porifera

Quick ways to remember each phyla:

-pore bearing

-stinging cell

-flatworm

-thread/tubular/round-worm

-annals of a segmented worm

-soft-bodied, many secrete a hard shell

-jointed foot and body, posses an exoskeleton

-tough, spiny, leathery skin

Porifera

Cnidarian

Platyhelminthes

Nematoda

Annelida

Mollusca

Arthropoda

Echinodermata

Which phyla: pore bearing

Porifera

Which phyla: stinging cells

Cnidarians

Which phyla: flatworms

Platyhelminthes

Which phyla: thread/tubular/round-worm

Nematoda

Which phyla: annals of a segmented worm

Annelida

Which phyla: soft-bodied many secrete a hard shell

Mollusca

Which phyla: jointed foot and body, posses an exoskeleton

Arthropoda

Which phyla: tough, spiny, leathery skin

Echinodermata

Name the difference between terrestrial vs marine arthropods?

• marine arthropods have gills vs terrestrial arthropods which don’t

• Marine arthropods are larger than terrestrial arthropods

• None

• Both a and b

Marine arthropods have gills vs terrestrial arthropods

Which best describes how members of phylum Porifera eat?

• they lure prey in with bio-luminescent chemicals

• They sting and stun prey that come near their pores

• They filter-feed by pumping water through their many chambers

• They trap small bits of food in the cilia near their mouth

They filter feed by pumping water through their many chambers

Which of these statements BEST dscribes why sponges are considered to be one of the simplest animals in the kingdom?

• sponges lack a brain, muscles, nervous system, and appendages

• sponges do not hunt for prey

• sponges are considered to be one of the oldest living organisims

• sponges are sessile (can’t move)

sponges lack a brain, muscles, nervous system, and appendages

What phyla is a planarian?

• platyhelminthes

• nematoda

• nemertea

• anneldia

platyhelminthes

This is a muscular structure used for locomotion in mollusks like the garden snail.

• foot

• mantle

• radula

• shell

foot

What is the function of the radula?

• it produces a calcium rich substance that makes up the shell of the animal

• it rips and shreds food

• it provides support and structure to the animal

• to circulate blood throughout the animal’s body

it rips and shreds food

What advantage do mollusks without shells have over mollusks that have shells?

• they can move more quickly in their enviorment

• they can camoflauge more easily

• they can store nutrients that would have been used to produce the shell

• they can sense danger more effectivley

they can move more quickly in their enviorment

octopi have all of the following evolutionary advantages except_____.

• an inner shell that provides support and structure

• intelligence

• ability to camoflauge by changing the color and texture of its skin

• strong muscular tentacles

an inner shell that provides support and structure

tube feet help echinoderms do all of the following except:

• swim away from predators

• pry open the shells of otehr animals

• sense the enviorment around the animal

• catch and crush prey

swim away from predators

Which of the following echinodermis is considered the “vacuum cleaner of the sea” because it breaks down organic matter?

• sea star

• sea cucumber

• sea urchin

• brittle star

sea cucumber

What percentage of all animals are invertebrates (without a backbone)?

• 97%

• 92%

• 94%

• 87%

95-97%

Arthropods can do all of the following except…

• breathe through specialised lungs for marine enviorments

• recycle dead and decaying organic matter

• pollinate plants

• live in most extreme enviorments

live in most extreme enviorments

Arthropods have all of the following body features except for…

• a segmented body

• complex eyes

• a hard exoskeleton

• a water vascular system

a water vascular system

Which of the following is NOT an arthropod?

• king crab

• mosquito

• earthworm

• or weaver spider

earthworm

Incomplete metamorphosis does not include which stage?

• adult

• nymph

• pupa

• egg

pupa

How do sponges reproduce?

• sexually

• asexually

• both

both

Which of the following may not be true for ALL animals? (the others are characteristics of ALL animals)

• multicellular

• specialised tissues

• specialised cells

• eukaryotic

specialized tissues

-one plane down the middle with two similar halves

bilateral symmetry

-more than two planes dividing similar portions ( can do things from more sides)

radial symmetry

-the concentration of nervous tissue in a head region

cephalization

What are the two caterogories animals that are triploblastic can be put into?

protostomes and deuterostomes

-first embroynic opening

blastopore

-blasotpore becomes the mouth and the anus forms second

protostome

-blastopore becomes the anus and the mouth forms second

deuterostome

-have three germ layers (ectoderm-outer, endoderm-inner, mesoderm-middle)

triploblastic

-have an ectorderm and endoderm but no mesoderm, are not considered protostomes nor dueterostomes

diploblastic

-body cavity (where the fluid and organs go) derived from the mesoderm, only triploblastic animals are able to have it, some do and some don’t

coelom

organisims in the porifera phylum are called….

sponges

• salt water

• sessile

• porous body

• oxygen and food pass through pores

• intracellular digestion (no gut)

• most don’t have symmetry (some have radial)

• no cephalization

• no coelom

porifera

Which three are examples of cnidarias?

• hydras

• shrimp

• octopus

• jellyfish

• sea anemones

hydras

jellyfish

sea anemones

• aquatic

• salt water or fresh water

• one gut opening (both mouth and anus)

• intracellular digestion (specalized cells) (can have extra outside of cells with gastrovaculary cavity)

• polyp and medusa

• stinging prey

• radial symmetry

• no cephalization

• no colelmon

cnidarians

• many are aquatic (fresh and salt water)

• many are tirrestrial

• tapeworm and planarian

• one gut opening

• bilateral symmetry

• cephalization

• no coelmon

• PROTOSTOMES

platyhelminthes (flat)

What are 2 examples of nematodes?

hookworm

pinworm

• roundworms and nematodes

• infest crops

• parasites (some)

• small

• aquatic (salt and fresh) and terestrial

• bilateral symmetry

• cephalization

• no coelmon (only pseudocoelom which is not true)

• protostomes

• 2 gut openings

nematoda

• snails, calms, ocopuses

• aquatic (salt and fresh) and terestrial

• many have a shell with mantle, radula, muscular foot

• bilateral symmetry

• cephalization

• coelmon

• protstomes

mollusks

• earthworms, leeches

• aquatic (fresh and salt) and terrestrial

• most are segmented (repeating body parts)

• external rings

• most have setae

• bilateral symmetry

• cephalization

• coelom

• protostomes

annelida

• ant, insects, spiders, crustaceans

• aquatic (fresh and salt) and can be terrestrial

• many fly

• jointed appendages, segmented bodies

• exoskeleton is stuff and protective but lets them move around easily

• metamorphosis

• bilateral symmetry

• cephalization

• coelom

• protostomes

arthropoda

• sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

• spiny skin

• aquatic (salt water)

• 5 parts

• larvea have bilateral symmetry

• adults have radial symmetry

• many are able to regeneration portions of body parts

• NO CEPHALIZATION

• coelom

• DEUTEROSTOMES

Echinodermata

Which of the following best describes the typical symmetry of Echindoermata organisims?

• always radial

• bilateral when young, radial as adult

• always bilateral

bilateral when young, radial as adult

-capable of independent movement

motile

-a large aperature in a sponge through which water is expelled

osculum

-(collar cells) specialized flagellated cells lining the internal chambers of sponges; create water currents, filter feed, exchange gasses, and remove waste

choanocytes

-posses both male and female reproductive organs (common in earthworms, slugs, snails, tapeworms, barnacles, and nudibranchs

hermaphrodite

-4 stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult), involves a radical transformation where larva differ greatly from adults, seen in butterflies and beetles

complete metamorphesis

-3 stages (egg, nymph, adult), features gradual changes, where nymphs look miniature, wingless adults, seen in grasshoppers and cockroaches

incomplete metamorphesis

Which of the following is not in the arthropod phylum?

• spiders

• crabs

• clams

• shrimp

clams

The main opening through which water, waste, and sperm exit a sponge is the____

• spicule

• choanocyte

• osculum

• radula

osculum

Planarians (worms) belong to which phylum?

• echinoderm

• playthelminth

• porifera

• cnidarian

platyhelminth

Which of the following organisims exhibits bilateral symmetry?

• jellyfish

• sponge

• roundworm

• octopus

roundworm

polyps and medusas are part of which phyla?

• porifera

• annelids

• cnidarins

• arthropoda

cnidarians

What does the worm echinoderm mean?

• striped skin

• spiny skin

• soft skin

• spiky skin

spiny skin

Which of the following phylums are worms (3)

• nematodes

• annelids

• platyhelminths

• echinoderms

first three

Which spend most of their lives as medusas?

• coral

• jellyfish

• sea anemoe

• hydrozoans

jellyfish

This feature protects the mollusk from predators and keeps land mollusks from drying out

• visceral mass

• mantle

• foot

• shell

shell

Match with the correct phylum:

sea anemoe

flukes

Edward the snail

roundworm

leeches

milipede

cnidarian

platyhelminthes

mollusca

nemotoda

annelida

arthropoda

The first opening in the embryonic stage of invertebrates is the ____

• mesoderm

• blastapore

• deuterostome

• choancyte

blastopore

During the embryonic stage, _____ have the mouth develope first then the anus, whereas _____ has the first oepning as the anus with the mouth forming later

protstomes

deuterostomes

What are the stages of incomplete metamorphosis?

• thorax

• larva

• nymph

• ganglia

• pupa

• egg

• adult

nymph

egg

adult

Species in which phylum predominately are known as hermaphrodites?

• cnidarians

• arthropoda

• profiera

• mollusk

porifera

The main differencd between flukes and tapewormws is…

• anatomy

• one is harmful to humans

• both are platyhelminths

• feeding habits

feeding habits

Which of the following species are gastropods?

• squids and octupi

• clams and oysters

• slugs and snails

• earthworms

slugs and snails