Human Phys Unit 7

Tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue

periosteum

How many bones is the body

206

Bones of the upper+lower limbs and bones that connect limbs to axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

What can you find inside the bone cavity

Bone marrow

This completely encloses the bone

periosteum

The formation of blood cells and platelets is caused by

red bone marrow

Bony cartilaginous parts that support/protect organs in the head-trunk

Axial skeleton

This stores fat

yellow bone marrow

What lines the medullary cavity

endosteum

What major inorganic slat is stored in bones

Calcium phosphate

What is the band of cartilage that forms between the ossification centers in long bones

epiphyseal plates

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets are made from…

red bone marrow

A bone-forming cell

Osteoblast

A bone-destroying cell

Osteoclast

A type of stem cell that will develop into an osteoblast

Osteogenic cell

This deposits a matrix and then turns into a bone cell

Osteoblast

A bone cell

Osteocycyte

Cell that is made from monocytes

Osteoclast

Spongy bone is made in the…

diaphysis

The process most bones are formed by

endochondrial ossification

Endochondrial ossification begins with

hyaline cartilage

Bone formation

Ossification

These develop around primary ossification centers

Osteoblasts

Bone growth (length) occurs at the

Epiphyseal plates

After cartilage cells divide, grow, and die then ___ occurs

ossification

step 5 of endochondrial is when ____ appear

seconadary ossification centers

Formation of broad, flat bones

Intramembranous ossification

The bone gets _ after ossification

longer

Your last bone to grow is the…

Calvicle

These invade disintegrating cartilage

Osteoblasts

the 6 step of endochondrial is when _ is left between the 2 ossification centers

epiphyseal plates

After ossifacation the line is seen

epiphyseal

These rebuild the destroyed bones

Osteoblasts

This stimulates ossification of epiphyseal plates

S#x hormones

This is needed for bones to groww in length

Growth Hormone

These bones get rebuilt the most

Knees & hips

Bone remodeling cause an increase in…

Calcium

What is disrupted in osteoporosis

Bone remodeling

Calcium makes bones…

Stronger

These are constantly carving tunnels in the bones

Osteoclasts

Bones become brittle and weak is…

Osteoporosis

This is needed for calcium absorption

Vitamin D

What is the cause of osetoporosis

Unknown

The more _ your bone, the less likely you will be to have osteoporosis

dense

The factors affecting bones are

Nutrition, Exercise, Hormones

The vertebrae and symphysis pubis are what type of joints

Cartilageneous

Sutures in the skull is what type of joint

Fibrous

Joint that is the metacarpals and phalanges

Condyloid

This holds muscle to bone

Tendions

Place where 2 or more bones meet

Joints

This holds bone to bone

Ligaments

Slightly moveable joints

Cartilagenous

Immoveable joints

Fibrous

Joint with the widest range of motion

Ball & Socket

Bones separated by thin connective tissue

Fibrous

Joint that is the knees, phalanges, and elbows

Hinge

Joint that is the hips and shoulder

Ball & Socket

Held together by a tube-like capsule composed of ligaments and synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid

Synovial

Joints that have rotational movements

Pivot

Joint that's complimentary shape allows a variety if motion

Saddle

Connected by fibrocartilage or liagments

Cartilagenous

Joints that slide past eachother

Gliding

Joint that is the carpals

Gliding

Freely moveable joints

Synovial

Joint that is the head and ulna

Pivot

Joint that is the opposable thumbs

Saddle

Extending an arm

Extension

Drawing toward the body

Adduction

Bending an arm

Flexion

Turning your head

Rotation

Drawing away from the body

Abduction

Bones that are longer than they are wide

Long bones

Cube-shaped bones

Short bones

Thin and/or curved bones

Flat bones

Only patellar bone

Sesamoid bones

Bones that do not fit in any other category

Irregular bones