CNA Practice Exam Comprehensive Review

Flashcards covering essential CNA knowledge, procedures, and legal/ethical guidelines based on Practice Tests 1A through 8A.

According to the lowest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be met first?

Physical needs

If a CNA sees a small fire in an unoccupied patient room, what should be their first action?

Activate the fire alarm

What are the specific signs of dehydration a CNA should monitor for in a patient?

Concentrated urine, headache, sunken eyes, and low energy

If a CNA performs care on a patient who has refused the treatment, what legal charges could the CNA face?

Assault or battery

What is the definition of the term medical asepsis?

Practices designed to reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms and limit their growth and transmission in the patient’s environment

What is the recommended temperature range for water when assisting a resident with a bed bath?

$$85-95\,\text{degrees Fahrenheit}$$

When a patient is placed in a lateral position, how should they be positioned?

On the side with a pillow under the head, a second pillow under the top arm, and a pillow under the top leg

What does the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) refer to?

The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests

Who is considered the most important member of the care plan meeting?

The patient

When cleaning a resident's dentures, what safety technique should be used to prevent damage if they are dropped in the sink?

Place a paper towel or a cloth towel in the sink

What is the correct sequence for the five stages of grief?

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

How should a CNA correct a mistake made while recording a patient's temperature in a medical record?

Draw a single line through the notation, write the word “error” beside the line and initial it, then write the correct number next to it

What is the specific requirement for checking a resident's circulation when they are in restraints?

At least once every $30\,\text{minutes}$

What is the proper protocol for droplet precautions?

The patient is placed in a private room, and healthcare providers must wear masks and wash their hands when entering the room

What are the characteristics of a stage 2 pressure ulcer?

Partial thickness skin loss and possibly a blister or a reddish/pink shallow ulcer

How often should a CNA turn a patient to help prevent the development of pressure ulcers?

Once every $2\,\text{hours}$

In what order should a CNA put on personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Gown, mask, gloves

If a resident has been drinking a cold cup of water, how long should a CNA wait before taking an oral temperature?

Approximately $15\,\text{minutes}$

Where should a wheelchair be positioned when transferring a resident with right-side weakness from a bed?

At the head of the bed on the patient’s left side (the strong side)

What is the term for an abnormal shortening of muscle tissue?

Contracture

What should a CNA do first if the electric power is lost in a facility and a patient is on a mechanical ventilator?

Plug the ventilator into the red outlet in the room

What is the medical term for chest pain caused by low blood flow to the heart?

Angina

What medical notation is used to indicate that a resident does not want any lifesaving measures taken if they stop breathing?

DNR (Do Not Resuscitate)

How many hours of sleep do older adults typically require according to the practice test materials?

$$5\,\text{to}\,7\,\text{hours}$$

What is the term for the inability to urinate?

Urinary retention

If a patient's care plan uses the term PRN regarding the use of a bedside commode, when should the patient receive assistance?

As needed

Which healthcare team member is responsible for providing treatment for a resident who has difficulty talking after a stroke?

Speech therapist

What is the first step in the process for a CNA when an ostomy drainage bag needs to be changed?

Empty the collection bag

When performing perineal care for a female patient, in which direction should the CNA wipe?

From the labia towards the rectum (front to back)

A CNA notices a fruity odor in an elderly patient’s mouth while providing oral care; what does this indicate?

A condition that must be reported to the nurse immediately (often associated with diabetes)