lecture notes RAD 100

Diagnostic Imaging (D/I)

Using advanced technology to obtain& display information concerning thepatient’s anatomical & physiologicalstatus.

what is diagnostic imaging

The transfer of energy in the form of particles or waves.

For diagnostic imaging to be possible, this form of energy must be transmitted through matter.

Radiography

The process of making images of internalstructures by transmitting x-rays through thebody to act on radiosensitive image receptors

what type of radiation is used in radiography

Ionizing Radiation

what type of radiation is used in mammography

Ionizing Radiation

*used at much lower energy bc its such softer tissue

Bone Densitometry

X-ray technology that measures thedensity of bones.

Computed Tomography (CT) scanning

A CT scan is the process of creatingcross-sectional images of any part of thebody.

what type of radiation is used in CT

ionizing

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The process of using a magnetic field and radio frequencies to create sectional images of the body

DOESNT USE IONIZING RAD

What type of radiation is used in MRI

radio waves

Ultrasound

Medical sonography

a non-ionizing radiation imaging technique Use of sound waves

what type of radiation is used in medical sonography

sound

Nuclear Medicine

Radioactive material (radionuclides)introduced into the body

Radioactive material produce a signal which is then detected by specialized imaging equipment.

What type of radiation is used in nuclear medicine?

Gamma radiation/ionizing radiation

Angiography

Radiologic examination of vascular structures within the body use of contrast medium

Forensic Imaging

Imaging technology used to assist pathologists and anthropologists.

Radiation Therapy/Radiation Oncology 

The use of ionizing radiation to treatspecific diseases.

All diagnostic images are created andtransmitted in a digital format

True

PACS is an acronym for

PACS is an acronym for Picture  Archiving and Communication System

What Makes a Good Radiographer?

Communication Skills (patient interaction)

People Orientated Critical Thinker

Technical Skill & Knowledge

TJC meaning

the joint commission

communication

sharing of information, messages, or signals

competent communicator important qualities

listening

observing

speaking

writing (data entry)

what information is available on the requisition

• patient demographics

• ordered examination

• clinical indication

• precautions

mature adults:

_____ over the next three decades

expected to work ______

live ____

increase

longer

longer

physical signs of abuse

• bruises

• burns

• lacerations

• scars

• bit marks

• multiple fractures

• any injury inconsistent with history

#1 rule: establish patient identity

inpatient:

outpatient:

inpatient: communicate, wristband, chart

outpatient: name, date of birth

Syncope

(fainting)

Sudden and temporary loss of consciousness Patient collapses

Rapid spontaneous recovery

Signs

Pallor Sweating

Lightheadedness

Orthostatic (postural) Hypotension and symptoms

Decrease in blood pressure when moving to an upright (sitting or standing) position

Symptoms

Dizziness, Palpitations, Tremors, anxiety, Visual changes, Feels faint

(epistaxis) means ____

nosebleed

Infectious microorganisms that are transmitted directly from one person to another cause contagious or _____ _____

The common cold and HIV infection (AIDS) are examples

communicable diseases.

Most infectious diseases are caused by one of the four types of pathogens. The most common are _____ and _____

viruses and bacteria

Bloodborne pathogens are defined as

pathogenic -microorganisms that are present in human blood or other bodyfluids and can infect and cause other disease in humans.

Hepatitis B

•Transmitted by blood-to-blood contact and sexual   contact

•Found in young & old

•Can be fatal

•Prevented by vaccine

Hepatitis C

•Transmitted by blood-to-blood contact and sexual   contact

•Found in young & old

•Can be fatal

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Transmission

Exposure to infected blood

Exposure to semen, and vaginal secretions through unprotected sex with an infected partner

Sharing needles or syringes

Transmitted to unborn children by infected mother

Five Rights of Drug Administration

1.The right patient

2.The right drug

3.The right route

4.The right amount

5.The right time