Intro to Chromatography

In sports drug testing, the process involves the collection and storage of __ samples.

biological

The three main stages of sports drug testing include collection, separation of __, and detection of substances.

analytes

One advantage of using urine over blood in drug testing is that it is __.

non-invasive

Biological samples are sensitive to light, oxygen, moisture, and __.

temperature

Matrix interference can occur from compounds such as salts, proteins, and __.

naturally occurring steroids

Sample preparation methods include liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and __ extraction (SPE).

solid phase

Chromatography techniques are commonly used to separate __ in biological samples.

mixtures

Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are common __ techniques.

chromatography

In high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), separation often depends on the __ of the analyte.

hydrophobicity

Thin layer chromatography (TLC) uses a stationary phase of powder on a plate, such as silica or __.

alumina

In TLC, the mobile phase moves by __ action.

capillary

Retention factor (Rf) in TLC is used for __ under standardized conditions.

identification

Visualization of TLC spots can be done by fluorescence under UV light or using spray __.

reagents

One limitation of TLC is transfer __ which can affect results.

losses

A chromatogram is a graph of instrument __ versus time.

response