Diagnostic Test Outline

These flashcards cover key diagnostic tools, procedures, vital signs, and their clinical significance.

Sphygmomanometer

A device that measures blood pressure (systolic & diastolic) using an inflatable cuff.

Stethoscope

An instrument used to listen to body sounds such as heart, lungs, and blood flow.

X-rays

A diagnostic imaging tool that shows bone and dense tissue structure, using radiation.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

An imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to visualize soft tissues, brain, and spinal cord.

Ultrasound

An imaging method that uses sound waves to capture images of soft tissues, organs, and blood flow.

PET Scan

A diagnostic tool that measures metabolic activity using radioactive glucose uptake.

ECG (Electrocardiogram)

A test that measures electrical activity of the heart using electrodes.

EEG (Electroencephalogram)

An assessment of brain electrical activity through electrodes placed on the scalp.

Urinalysis

A test that measures chemical and cellular content of urine, often using dipstick and microscopy.

Blood Analysis

A laboratory test that examines cells, glucose, electrolytes, and enzymes in blood samples.

Vital Signs

Measurements of essential body functions, including heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and temperature.

Tachycardia

An elevated heart rate, typically above 100 beats per minute.

Tachypnea

An accelerated respiration rate, usually defined as more than 20 breaths per minute.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels and often indicated by glucose in urine.

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

A group of disorders affecting movement and muscle tone, often associated with EEG abnormalities.

Spinal Injury (SI)

Damage to the spinal cord often identified through MRI findings indicating the need for surgical intervention.