PECT module 2

Which is most likely to interrupt a student's reading fluency?

a.text is too much to read in one sitting

b. student doesn't understand 15% of vowels

c. students doesn't know sight words of phonetic sounds

d. none of the above

Student doesn't know sight words or phonetic sounds

You ask a student to look at a book without words and orally tell a story just by looking at the pictures. What ability are you assessing?

a. concept of print

b. story structure

c. phonics

d. none of the above

Story structure

A boy reads slowly but accurately. What is an appropriate intervention?

a. repeated reading on a text that is at his independent level

b. echo read of a text that is at his instructional level

c, group reading

d. none of the above

repeated reading on a text that is at his independent level.

If a child struggles with fluency, what can you expect?

a. the student will struggle with comprehension

b. the student will struggle with phonics

c. the student will struggle with vocabulary

d. the student will never learn to read

The student will struggle with comprehension-think of fluency as the "bridge to comprehension"

A teacher has students crouch when the music is low and stand on their tiptoes when the music is high. What musical concept is she reinforcing?

a. tempo

b. pitch

c. timbre

d. dynamics

pitch

A class goes on a field trip to a supermarket. the produce manager explains to the class that fruits are grown in other areas and then transported to the store. Which activity would further the student's knowledge of spatial interaction?

a. research the climates of the areas the fruits come from

b. chart the different modes of transportation used to move the fruit

c. study the food traditions in the different areas

d. find the location of where different fruits are grown and map how they get to the store

find the location of where different fruits are grown and map how they get to the store.

A 1st grade class visits a pet store. Once returning back to the classroom the students are broken up into various groups for different jobs (designing pet cages & arranging desks, determining name and setting up the shop)After this the teacher holds a discussion on their activities, what topic is the teacher laying the foundation for in future years?

a. opportunity cost

b. universal needs

c. economic interdependence

d. disposable income

Economic interdependence(Previously called global interdependence)

A teacher wants to connect a science unit with social studies. The students are charting a plant's growth. Which concept is the teacher targeting?

a. time

b. continuity

c. location

d. environment

time

Ms. Duke is teaching a small group of 1st grade students. She is giving them the sounds /b?, /i/, /g/ and then sweeping them together to say big. Her group is practicing this skill with several short vowel words. What skill is she working on with this group?

a. alphabetic knowledge

b. print awareness

c. fluency

d. phonemic awareness

phonemic awareness

A kindergarten teacher includes poetry in her daily read-alouds. She asks her students to listen to the rhymes of familiar poems and sometimes to provide a new rhyming word. Which reading skill is she practicing with her class?

a. sight or concrete words

b. print awareness

c. phonemic awareness

d. connecting print to letter sounds

phonemic awareness

Sometimes parents are not up to date on current instructional practices. Which would be a good way to explain invented spelling to a parent of a kindergarten student?

a. a system invented by teachers to help students learn to spell words correctly

b. the ability to recognize and read words by translating the letters into speech sounds

c. vocabulary words which students should know by the end of the year

d. the use of letter-sound relationship to attempt to write words

the use of letter-sound relationship to attempt to write words.

There are yellow balloons that your students make into a sculpture. What concept is being taught?

a. line

b. form

c. shape

d. none of the above

form

You want to teach the concept of change over a period of time. What activity should you choose?

a. make a poster with a timeline of your birth to your kindergarten years

b. have a discussion about the presidents of the US

c. watch a video and answer questions about timelines

d. none of the above

Make a poster with a timeline of your birth to your kindergarten years.

Young children often begin to recognize words that they see like names of restaurants and toy stores or names of cereal on the boxes. This type of familiar print is referred to as:

a. visual literacy

b. frequency literacy

c. environmental print

d. morphemes

environmental print

Which of the following design elements would you teach in correlations with a math unit?

a. harmony

b, variety

c. rhythm

d. pattern

pattern

A kindergarten teacher wants her students to understand that words are made up of smaller sound units and syllables. Which of the following questions should the teacher use to work on phonological awareness?

a. which of the following words rhymes with sunny?

b. can you give me another word that starts with the same sound as seven?

c. first say older now add sh. what is the new word?

d. say tiger. Now say "ti" and then say "ger"

say tiger. now say "ti" and then say "ger"

Which phonics unit should be taught last?

a. silent e combinations

b. silent consonants

c. consonant digraphs

d. consonant blends

silent consonants-these are the most difficult out of the choices-they include: kn, gn, mn combinations

What is an appropriate art activity for kindergarten?

a. silk screening

b. woodworking

c. stamping

d. etching

stamping or mosiacs

How is a student demonstrating civic responsibility/being a good citizen?

a. raising his hand in class

b. clean up for recycling

c. behaving while walking down the hallway

d. voting to pick the class field trip

clean up for recycling

During a 1st grade social studies lesson, a child mentions that she lives near the city library.The teacher could take this time to reinforce which social studies concept?

a. location

b. region

c. community

d. habitat

community-1st grade social studies standard

What is it called when a student speaks alone on stage during a play?

a. monologue

b. recitation

c. commentary

d. exhortation

monologue

A teacher in a kindergarten classroom wants to take an initial assessment of the students in her class. She asks them individually to pick a book from the reading center and pretend to read it by flipping through the pages.What is she assessing?

a. book handling skills

b. text to print connection

c. fluency

d. phonemic awareness

book handling skills

What is the best way to develop children's prewriting skills?

a. write spontaneously for 5 minutes a day

b. discussing ideas with a partner before drafting

c. read examples of their work to the class

d. have a daily edit exercise

discussing ideas with a partner before drafting-

In a 4th grade class you are learning about making a hypothesis for which candidate will win an election. Which activity would best support this learning goal?

a. watch a debate between the candidates

b.read candidates websites

c. read through surveys of voters' opinions on candidates

d. read about past elections

Read through surveys of voters opinions on candidates

A music teacher wants to show young students how dance relates to feelings and ideas. What would be a good activity?

a. reenact a favorite story through dance

b. move with different levels and rhythms

c. watch videos of other cultures dancing

d. talk about dancers in history

reenact a favorite story through dance-look for answers where the kids are doing the most

What is the purpose in teaching students civic education?

a. to show students that laws are created by members of society and are constantly changing

b. to show that laws are a specific set of rules by which a society operates

c. to review important historical events

To show students that laws are created by members of society and are constantly changing

Which activity boost's a child's vocabulary development?

a. flipping through a picture book and making up a story

b. playing and interacting with other students-social stories/play

c. talking with adults

playing & interacting with other students-social stories/play

What marked the change from 18th century farm workers in Western PA to 19th century steel workers?

a. technological advances

b.cultural infusion

c. loss of resources

d. industrial revolution

technological advances

A 4th grade teacher is moving her students from learning to read to reading to learn. she wants them to read a passage independently to themselves. What should she do to scaffold this activity?

a. have students raise their hand when they need help

b. provide an outline that details main ideas of each section

c. review the heading and subheadings with students before they begin

d. have students read it on their own and then answer comprehension questions

review the headings and subheadings with students before they begin reading.-start everyone at the same place and then let them ask for help.

Which would be an appropriate initial assessment of word recognition?

a. picking a book from a class library and reading it

b. graded word lists

c. giving a word bank and asking children to fill in the blanks

graded word lists like dolch words

A student is able to read quickly and above grade level. However, they make careless mistakes such as saying "car" for care or replacing "me" with "my". What reading strategy does this child need help with?

a. phonics and word attack skills

b. sight words

c. fluency

d. checking for understanding

checking for understanding-student needs to slow down and monitor comprehension

A student can spell vocabulary words, understand their usage, and put the words into his or her own story, but when given a quiz, they cannot match the words to the correct definition. Why?

a. they understand the denotative but not connotative meaning

b. they can use the words contextually but do not understand the exact working of definitions

c. they have receptive language skills but not expressive

they can use the words contextually, but do not understand the exact wording of definitions.

How does recognizing words with the same ending sounds help a child?

a. helps gain concept of print

b. strengthens vocabulary

c. builds automaticity and fluency

d. helps comprehension

builds automaticity and fluency

A teacher gives her students cards with modes of transportation on them. She wants the students to categorize them. What should she do first?

a. give worksheet to explain transportation

b. use dictionaries to look up transportation words

c. go over the criteria for sorting

go over criteria for sorting-always set clear guidelines& expectations ahead of time

When is it appropriate to use decodable books with students?

a. when students are fluent readers

b. when the students are good at phonics and sight words but still working on automaticity and decoding words

c. when the students are learning about story elements

when the students are good at phonics and sight words but still working on automaticity and decoding words

Which word has a consonant blend?

a. frog

b. can

c. boil

d. the

frog-consonant blend are 2 consonants that you blend together but still hear both sounds

A student is having trouble reading words that contain silent consonant combinations, what would be a good approach to help the student?

a. provide students with graded word list that contains silent consonant combination word

b. compare and contrast between words that do not have silent consonant combinations like no and know

c. take out the silent consonant combination in the word and let the students read it

d. read silent consonant combination letter in chunks

compare and contrast between words that do and do not have silent consonant combinations, like no and know

how do you teach 2nd graders to positively perceive and reflect on their environment?

a. providing ink activity

b. use imaginary image

c. walk around the school and draw a favorite thing they see

d. draw the format of their classroom

walk around the school and draw a favorite thing they see-this gets the kids actively engaged, allows them to work independently & have free choice, this is a positive activity

which is an example of active listening?

a. "You should have told me that a long time ago"

b. "What happened to you also happened to me, only worse"

c. "Sorry, can you please repeat that"

d. "so what I hear you say, is that you are upset about"

"So what I hear you say, is that you are upset about..."restate what the person says

How to help 1st graders learn about community?

a. invite guest speaker to come in an speak about their roles shared in the community

b. create a list of responsibilities shared with adults at home

c. discuss the community roles within the school between upper gradesx

Invite a guest speaker to come in and speak about their roles shared in the community-community & job roles is a 1st grade SS standard

A teacher reads through a big book and then reads through it again because students enjoy it so much. What follow up activity would best promote oral language development?

Acting out the story with puppets (dramatic play center)

A teacher reads a big book then has the students practice reading it with expression. What concept is the teacher reinforcing?

Prosody (component of fluency-in addition to prosody (expression) other areas of fluency include speed/rate and accuracy)

A teacher points to words in a book as she reads. What concept is she reinforcing?

text to print connection

A teacher reads a big book and then uses notecards with words from the story on them. As a class they sort words into words that rhyme. What is the teacher instructing?

Phonics

Talking with your students about an assembly they saw yesterday reinforces what skill?

reflection-causes them to reflect on what they learned.

Students are exploring an evasive species that is targeting the wilderness in PA.Where could they check for more info?

The Environment Protection Website

What teaching plan can help students find out what they already know about a topic and what they would like to know?

KWL chart-know, want to know, learn

To get a child interested in reading what could you do?

Take them to the library and let them choose a book that they are interested in and is on his/her independent reading level

A teacher in a PreK environment has books and materials out about gardening for students to explore. She suggests they build a garden and talks with them about how they could build an imaginary garden inside. What is she deomonstrating?

She is encouraging discussion and how to solve problems creatively.

Why use nonsense words when teaching phonics?

When a teacher has students read nonsense words such as "ib" or "dright" as if they are real words they can determine a student's phonological skills.

How does spelling help with reading comprehension?

It helps with automaticity and fluency

Why are sight words important to know?

They help build reading fluency

What is connected text?

words that are linked (as opposed to words in a list) as in sentences, phrases, & paragraphs

Why use decodable books and phonics lesson?

students who learn phonics master the sound/symbol code that enables them to read and spell. Decoding helps with recognition of sight words, phonemic awareness, word families, automaticity and fluency

What can a teacher do with kindergartners to develop a positive attitude towards art?

allow them to trust and express their own feelings.

What is a creative movement to teach children how to express ideas and feelings?

have them act out a story

What is an activity that a teacher can do with students to teach them about perceived environment?

take a walk around the school and talk about what they saw

What can you teach a student to use in order to predict the results of an election?

voter opinion surveys

Why would a teacher ask students to look at various websites and books before they write a research paper?

it helps them develop a thesis statement and gather background information

As a teacher in 1st grade you talk with students about what is close to their house (like a library or gas station). What concept are you teaching?

Community

Why is it important to teach students when discussing a controversial topic?

to value and respect the opinions of others

What is a color level or depth of an image on a computer screen? Contrast or saturation?

contrast

A kindergarten teacher reads a passage during a read aloud: the title is Clara is late for school

"clara jumped on the bus in the rain (pause) Clara got on the bus and sat back" (Thinking aloud) I though clara would be late to catch the bus. I guess I was wrong. Let's read on to see what the book will tell me next. What is the teacher doing?

Teaching students how to monitor their own comprehension

When children lean that print is written and read from left to right and from top to bottom of the page, they are acquiring?

a. directionality concepts

b. letter and word concepts

c. sight vocabulary

d. phonemic awareness

directionality concepts

The goal of reading and writing instruction in the primary grades is to ensure that all children reach the fluent stage of reading by

a. entrance to kindergarten

b. end of first grade

c. end of third grade

d. beginning of high school

end of first grade

Children are usually at the emergent stage of reading and writing in

a. preK and kindergartern

b. 2nd grade

c. 4th grade

d. none of above

preK and kindergarten

A group of kindergarten students enjoy playing in the pretend post office their teacher has created in the classroom. The pretend post office have envelopes, papers, pens and postcards to motivate the children to read and write. These could be described as a

a. literacy play center

b. literature circle

c. word wall

d. readers theatre

literacy play center

Children read words accurately, rapidly, and automatically and they read with expression at the

a. sensorimotor stage

b. emergent state

c. beginning stage

d. fluent stage

fluent stage

A 1st grade teacher would like to provide scaffolding for students who are struggling to learn to read and write. An effective scaffolding technique would be

a. miscue analysis

b. rubric

c. silent reading

d. interactive writing

interactive writing

the concept that stories have a beginning, middle and end is referred to as

a. prosody

b. story structure

c. story web

d. cluster

story structure

most fluent readers prefer to read

a. orally

b. silently

c. with a buddy

d. expository text

silently

Phonemic awareness is the basic understanding that

a. phonics is the foundation for reading

b, speech is composed of a series of individual sounds

c. every word must contain a vowel

d. speech must vary according to use

speech is composed of a series of individual sounds

The smallest unit of speech (sound) are

a. graphemes

b. morphemes

c. phonemes

d. words

phonemes

when working with students who are ELL's researchers recommend

a. providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness

b. eliminating phonemic awareness instruction from the curriculum

c. requiring students to write in their native language

d. requiring students to read orally in their native language

providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness

Preschool teachers can nurture young children's phonemic awareness with developmentally appropriate activities such as

a. standardized tests and student interviews

b. drills and worksheets with large spaces for writing

c. singing songs and sharing word play books

d. timed test and songs

singing songs and sharing word play books

In the word cat, the rime is

a. c

b. at

c. t

d. cat

at

The term high-frequency words refers to words

a. with unusual spellings

b. that appear often in printed material

c. with more than one meaning

d. that do not follow phonics generalizations

that appear often in printed material

the strategy of identifying words by examining root words and affixes of longer words in called

a. automaticity

b. phonic analysis

c. morphemic analysis

d. analogy

morphemic analysis

the ability to orally read sentences expressively, with appropriate phasing and intonation is know as

a. prosody

b. automaticity

c. functionality

d. morphemic analysis

prosody

the technique in which students practice reading stories to develop fluency is

a. choral reading

b. reader's theatre

c. echo reading

d. buddy reading

reader's theatre

Reading fluency involves the components of

a. word recognition, comprehension and writing

b. semantics, syntax, and pragmatics

c. speed, prosody, automaticity and accuracy

d. decoding, word recognition and prosody

speed, prosody, automaticity and accuracy

Children select a topic, consider purpose,audience and form and gather and organize ideas for writing during what stage of the writing process?

a. prewriting stage

b. drafting stage

c. revising stage

d. editing stage

prewriting stage

When a teacher and students create a text together they engage in

a. proofreading

b. interactive writing

c. guided reading

d. editing

interactive writing

Children pour out ideas with little concern about spelling, punctuation, and other mechanical errors during the

a. drafting stage

b. editing stage

c. revising stage

d. publishing stage

drafting stage

Of the following the best way to assess students' writing would be to use

a. standardized multiple choice tests

b. rubrics developed by the teacher

c. an informal reading inventory

d. running records

rubrics developed by the teacher

The students in a 4th grade class select their own writing topics and write independently while the teacher circulates to monitor their work. This class is participating in

a. on-demand writing

b, standardized writing

c. norm-referenced writing

d. writing workshop

writing workshop

Diagrams that provide organized visual representations of info from texts are

a. chunking

b. eponyms

c. graphic organizers

d. miscues

graphic organizers

Informational books are organized using

a. expository text structure

b. aesthetic text structure

c. graphic organizers

d. critical reading inventories

expository text structure

A 4th grade teacher is compiling a text set for students to use during a thematic unit. As he selects books, this teacher has correctly decided to

a. select only books written at a 4th grade reading level to set high standards

b. select books written on a range of levels to fit the needs of all students

c. selects books written one level above the student's instructional levels

d. none of the above

select books written on a range of levels to fit the needs of all students

What is the difference between editing and revising?

a. there are no differences; they are both an important part of the writing proces

b. teachers do the editing and student complete the revising

c. revising is the changing of ideas and editing is the stage in which you look for punctuation and spelling errors

d. editing is the changing of ideas and revising is the stage in which you look for punctuation and spelling errors

revising is the changing of ideas and editing is the stage in which you look for punctuation and spelling errors

Which of the following words would you teach morphemically rather than syllabically?

a. elephant

b. dresser

c. lamp

d. tricycle

tricycle

A teacher wants to stress to her students the importance of tone and audience awareness when writing. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for her 4th grade students?

a. reciting a piece of poetry in front of the entire school

b. interviewing a kindergarten teacher

c. having a discussion with the class and then creating rules about audience participation and behavior

d. discuss a piece of writing in peer groups

interviewing a kindergarten teacher.

After her teacher discussed several books, Julie, a 3rd grader, decided to read Charlotte's Web. She formed a group with her friends to discuss the book. this student participated in a

a. reading workshop

b. literature circle

c. miscue analysis

d. semantic web

literature circle

the word unwanted contains:

a. no morphemes

b. two morphemes

c. three morphemes

d. eight morphemes

three morphemes

A type of scoring guide which can assist teachers in assessing a child's writing is a:

a. rubric

b. miscue analysis

c. reading inventory

d. leveled book

rubric

Running records can best be used to determine a child's:

a. phonemic awareness

b. listening capacity

c. reading comprehension

d. reading fluency

reading fluency

Research has found that:

a. children learn more words by reading expository texts rather than narrative texts.

b.children learn more words by reading narrative texts rather than expository texts

c. children with larger vocabularies are more capable readers

d. there is no relationship between vocabulary development and reading comprehension

children with larger vocabularies are more capable readers

A teacher helped his students understand the meaning of the prefix post by discussing terminology used in football games such as postseason and postgame. with this lesson, the teachedr introduced his students to:

a. phonemic analysis

b. morphemic analysis

c. miscue analysis

d. running records

morphemic analysis

when calvin a 2nd grader read a Jigsaw Jones mystery story and compared it to an Encyclopedia Brown story he was making a:

a. text to self connection

b. text to world connection

c. text to text connections

d. text to teacher connection

text to text connection

When readers create mental images of what they are reading, they are using the strategy of:

a. visualizing

b. responding

c. viewing

d. questioning

visualizing