GCSE History Elizabeth

Elizabeth becomes queen

1558

Religious settlement

1559

Elizabeth helps Scotland Protestant Lords defeat Mary of Guise

1560

Philip II bans sale of English cloth

1563

Treaty of Troyes

1564

Papal bull

1570

French civil war

1562

Revolt of the Northern Earls

1569

Ridolfi plot

1571

Throckmorton plot

1583

Babington plot

1586

Lord Babington is executed

1586

Mary Queen of Scots is executed

1587

Drake departs from Plymouth

Dec 1577

Drake returns to England

Sep 1580

Philip II sends troops under the Duke of Alba to squash Protestant revolt in the Netherlands

1575

William of Orange assassinated and Duke of Alencon dies

1584

Spanish fury

1576

Pacification of Ghent

1576

Treaty of Joinville

1584

Dutch revolt

1566

Genoese Loan

1568

Phillip’s brother agrees to pacification but comes back 6 months later

1577

Elizabeth hires mercenary John Casimir to help the Dutch (6000 volunteers)

Aug 1577

Duke of Parma takes control of Netherlands- Spanish Power increases

1579

Philip II gains Portugal empire & naval forces

1580

Drake Publicly knighted

1581

Spanish Armada departs

Jul 1588

Spanish Armada goes home

Aug 1588

Henry VII has real tennis court built for him at Hampton court

1530

Statue of Artificers (to ensure that poor relief was collected)

1563

42 grammar schools are founded

1560s

30 grammar schools are founded

1570s

Survey of the poor in Norwich (40% of poor counted are under 16 years old)

1570

Vagabonds act (to deter vagrancy)

1572

Poor relief act ( to distinguish between able and impotent poor and to help poor find work)

1576

Colonialisation attempts on Roanoke island

Jul 1584 - Aug 1590

Elizabeth introduces censorship

1572

Sir Henry Lee becomes Elizabeth’s jousting champion

1570

House of commons vote to ban bear bating, overruled by Elizabeth

1585

Globe theatre is built

1597

more than 10,000 homeless people wandering the streets and begging

1570

Food prices increased by an average of 200%

1560-1600

Series of bad harvests

1555-56 and 1596-97

What was the plan for the revolt of the Northern earls?

• Duke of Norfolk would marry Mary, Queen of Scots to ensure catholic heir to the throne

• Northern Earls, with support of the Spanish, aimed to raise forces, march to London and overthrow Queen Elizabeth

What was the outcome of the revolt of the Northern Earls?

• The earl of Leicester informed Elizabeth of the plot

• Spanish support never materialized

• 450 rebels executed

• The duke of Northumberland was captured and executed in 1572.

What was the plan for the Ridolfi plot?

• Ridolfi organized funding for a rebellion and coordinated plans for a Spanish invasion.

• Philip II ready to send troops to aid the insurgents

What was the outcome of the Ridolfi plot?

• Walsingham intercepted correspondence revealing the plot

• Duke of Norfolk was arrested, tried and executed as a traitor in 1572

• Elizabeth no longer trusts Mary Queen of Scots and she is kept in captivity

What was the plan for the Throckmorton plot?

• Throckmorton helped coordinate a Spanish invasion, led by Duke of Guise and financed by Philip II

• Spanish would land in England to aid a catholic uprising

• Aimed to consolidate Catholic sympathizers in England to act as an enemy within

What was the outcome of the Throckmorton plot?

• Walsingham’s spies uncovered the plot

• Throckmorton is arrested and tortured where he reveals details including names of catholic sympathizers

• Throckmorton is executed and Mendoza (Spanish ambassador) expelled from England

• Up to 11,000 Catholics imprisoned monitored or placed under house arrest

• Helping or sheltering catholic priests becomes punishable by death

• Act for the preservation of the Queen’s safety (any person involved in a plot against Elizabeth would be removed from line of succession and executed)

What was the plan for the Babington plot?

• Babington’s secret society would smuggle Jesuit priests into England to incite rebellion

• Pope endorsed the plot and Mary’s European allies were prepared to provide military aid

• Babington and six conspirators agreed to assassinate Elizabeth

What was the outcome of the Babington plot?

• Walsingham’s surveillance intercepted letters between Mary and Babington that explicitly implicated Mary in the plot and irrefutable evidence

• All six conspirators were found, arrested, tortured and executed

• Babington fled but was captured and execute Sep 1586

• MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS WAS EXECUTED FEB 1587

What were the different areas of Elizabethan government?

• Privy council

• Parliament

• Court

• Lord Lieutenant

• Justices of the Peace

How was the religious settlement successful?

• 8,000 priests took the Oath of Supremacy

• Majority acceptance of the religious settlement

• Visitations led to 400 uncomplying clergy being dismissed

How was the religious settlement unsuccessful?

• Lack of support from Bishops (only one took the oath of supremacy)

• Resistance in Catholic areas (recusants)

• Destruction during religious change ( from protestants)

• Ways around the settlement for Catholics (outward compliance, inward resistance)

• Excessive action during visitation

Why was Mary Queen of Scots a problem for Elizabeth?

• She had strong links to France and Scotland

• Mary was Catholic

• Mary was in England

Why was Mary Queen of Scots executed in 1587?

• Mary had a strong claim to Elizabeth’s throne

• War with Spain and foreign involvement

• Evidence against Mary

• Pressure from Councillors

• Mary was Catholic

• Elizabeth felt in constant danger

Why did Drake’s actions fuel the war with Spain?

• Economic impact

• Strategic advantage

• Symbol of resistance

• Legacy

Who led the Spanish Armada?

Duke of Medina Sidonia

What were the casualties of the Spanish Armada?

England 100, Spain 20,000

Who led the English defence against the Spanish Armada?

Lord Howard and Sir Drake

Why did the Spanish Armada fail?

• Leadership

• Planning

• No reinforcements

• Tactics

• Ships

• Weapons

• Support

• Weather