A.3.2.Benefits to health of being active SL

Energy Balance

The equilibrium between energy intake and energy expenditure in the body.

Hypokinetic Diseases

Diseases associated with physical inactivity.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, often due to low bone mineral density (BMD).

Bouts of exercise

Short periods of physical activity, typically of moderate-vigorous intensity.

Immunosuppressive

Describes a condition where the immune response is reduced or suppressed.

Leukocytes

White blood cells that are part of the immune system, essential for fighting infections.

Cognitive functioning

The mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension, including thinking, knowing, memory, and problem-solving.

Metabolic syndrome

A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measure that uses height and weight to assess if a person has a healthy body weight.

Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

The amount of mineral in bones, which indicates bone strength.

Hypertension

High blood pressure that can lead to serious health issues like heart attack and stroke.

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

A condition characterized by the hardening of the arteries due to plaque buildup.

Type 1 Diabetes

An autoimmune disease where the body does not produce insulin.

Type 2 Diabetes

A form of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance, often associated with obesity.

Muscle Hypertrophy

The increase in muscle size due to the growth of muscle fibers.

Bone Health

Refers to the overall condition of bones, including their structure and density.

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Muscle pain and stiffness that occurs after intense exercise.

Cardiovascular Fitness

The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the muscles during sustained physical activity.

Flexibility

The range of motion available at a joint.

Muscular Endurance

The ability of a muscle to sustain repeated contractions or continue to perform over time.

Body Composition

The proportion of fat and non-fat mass in the body.

Physical Activity Guidelines

Recommendations by health organizations for the amount and type of physical activity needed for health benefits.