Semester Review 1: Number, Financial, Linear, and Measurement Mathematics

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers key terminology from Number and Financial Mathematics, Linear and Simultaneous Equations, Pythagoras’ Theorem and Trigonometry, Linear Relations, and Measurement as presented in the Semester 1 review.

Weekly Retainer

A fixed amount of money paid to an employee each week (e.g., $400 ) that may be supplemented by commission on sales.

Simple Interest

A method of calculating interest based only on the original amount (principal) invested for a specific period.

Compound Interest

Interest that is calculated on the initial principal and also on the accumulated interest of previous periods.

Time and a Half

A payment rate that is $1.5 \times$ the normal hourly rate of pay.

Double Time

A payment rate that is $2 \times$ the normal hourly rate of pay.

Inequality

A mathematical statement comparing two expressions using symbols such as $<$ (less than) or $\le$ (less than or equal to).

Simultaneous Equations

A set of two or more equations with shared variables that are solved at the same time to find a common solution.

Subject (of a Formula)

The variable in a formula that is isolated on one side of the equals sign, such as $l$ in the rearrangement of $S = \frac{n}{2}(a+l)$.

Angle of Depression

The angle measured downwards from a horizontal line to the line of sight of an object below the observer.

True Bearing

A directional measurement expressed in three digits representing degrees measured clockwise from North ($000^\circ$).

Angle of Inclination ($\theta$)

The angle formed between a horizontal plane (such as the ground) and a slope or ramp.

Gradient

The measure of the steepness of a line, often calculated as the ratio of the vertical change (rise) to the horizontal change (run).

x-intercept

The coordinate where a graph crosses the horizontal $x$-axis, at which point the value of $y$ is $0$.

y-intercept

The coordinate where a graph crosses the vertical $y$-axis, at which point the value of $x$ is $0$.

Gradient–intercept Form

The equation of a straight line written in the form $y = mx + c$, where $m$ is the gradient and $c$ is the $y$-intercept.

Midpoint

The coordinate that lies exactly halfway between two points on a line segment.

Total Surface Area

The sum of the areas of all the exterior faces or surfaces of a three-dimensional solid object.

Volume ($V$)

The amount of three-dimensional space occupied by an object, typically measured in units such as $cm^3$ or $m^3$.

Perimeter

The total distance around the boundary or edge of a two-dimensional shape.