Social Chap 7

An explicit expectation is one that is ______.

specifically stated

Attitudes and behaviors can sometimes spread spontaneously. True or false?

True

A herd mentality develops when there is a low level of conformity. True or false?

False

A(n) ______ refers to how we expect someone to look and act based on their position.

social role

If someone with more power than you asks you do to something and you adhere to it, you have engaged in ______.

obedience

hen you change your own behavior based on what you see someone else doing, you engage in ______.

conformity

If you make a request of someone and they choose to adhere to the request, they have engaged in ______.

compliance

When we do not adhere to social norms, we may be thought of as ______.

rebellious

Some perspectives note that our views of food are tied to our views of conformity. True or false?

True!

When you experience ______ you might be more likely to follow along with what everyone else is doing.

information uncertainty

What is our perception of what most people do in a situation?

descriptive norm

A cultural belief that persists even after the people who started it have left the group is described as ______.

generational influence

______ social influence occurs when we go along with what everyone else is doing so that we will be accepted.

Normative

Conformity may increase when the size of the majority increases. True or false?

True!!

A social cascade may begin with only a few visionaries. True or false?

True.

In his Stanford Prison Experiment, Phil Zimbardo selected 24 Stanford students for the experiment, and then randomly assigned 12 in the role of prisoners and 12 in the role of guards. He did this because he wanted to test ______.

the power of social roles

One of the first outcomes of the Stanford Prison Study was ______.

the deindividualization of both prisoners and guards

inter-group aggression occurred among the prisoners when ______.

some prisoners were rewarded for compliant behavior

According to Dr. Parks, when Alex Haslam and Steve Reicher reproduced Zimbardo’s Prison Study, the results were ______.

the reverse of Zimbardo’s results

The issues with Zimbardo’s study and the results of the Haslam and Reicher replication study allow researchers to

ask questions about how to study harm-doing without doing harm.

As society changes and as researchers learn more about human social behaviors, when would it be inappropriate to attempt a replication study?

When a study is identified as unethical.

Milgram’s initial reasoning behind conducting his obedience study was ______.

to determine how such atrocities as the Holocaust can occur

The presence of the researcher with the participant in the study was important because ______.

they were there to prompt the participant to continue the experiment in spite of pleas from strangers receiving electric shocks

One of the significant conclusions that can be made about participants from the results of the obedience study is that ______.

people accept that the authority figures know best

The Stanford Prison Study demonstrated how ______ may lead to conformity.

deindividualiztion!

Milgram's theory was that people conform even when they know it is wrong because of ______.

obedience

The Stanford Prison Study has been replicated many times. True or false?

False.

We need people who do not conform in our society. True or false?

true

Sometimes online, we may experience ______ that leads us to act in ways we normally would not.

disinhibition

Usually, Darrin is shy when meeting new people. However, when he plays games with his friends on the internet, he finds that he enjoys the anonymity of using his avatar. He often antagonizes his opponents in ways he never would in a face-to-face setting. This is an example of ______.

cyber-disinhibition

When we adhere to social norms, we may be thought of as ______.

more popular

You attend your first religious service with a friend. Since you do not know what is expected, you sit quietly and follow along with what your friend is doing. This is an example of how ______ may increase conformity.

information uncertainty.

The food accumulation hypothesis notes that conformity is tied to a culture's relationship with food. True or false?

Truee

You go out to eat with friends without your romantic partner. That evening, you develop food poisoning. Your romantic partner, after seeing you sick, develops similar symptoms even though they were not exposed to the tainted food. When your romantic partner calls in sick to work the next day, other people at their workplace "catch" what your romantic partner has. What is this an example of?

mass psychogenic illness

Conformity in replication studies in the United States has steadily increased since Asch's original study. True or false?

Falsee

The Stanford Prison Study found that deindividuation had occurred at such high levels that the experiment had to be stopped. True or false?

Trrue

Even when we don't explicitly state social norms, they are easily noticed by others. True or false?

Truue

Our sense of how we should act in a given situation is an example of a(n) ______.

injunctive norm

There is an argument to be made that Milgram and Zimbardo's experiments show people generally want to be helpful. True or false?

True!!!

A herd mentality develops when there is a high level of ______.

conformity

You have never been to a fancy restaurant before. You look up the dress code beforehand and dress according to it. When you sit down at the table, you notice there are several plates, glasses, and many different types of silverware. As each course is brought to the table, you choose the silverware that everyone else seems to be using so that you will fit in. What does this exemplify?

Normative social influence

There is a new radical view of Milgram's experiments that participants were willing and engaged followers. True or false?

True!!!!

Implicit and explicit expectations rarely overlap. True or false?

Faalse

You start a new job at the same time as three of your coworkers. The people who train you show you the best time to buy snacks from the vending machine is on Tuesday, because that is when they restock it. Over time, the people who train you leave. You and your colleagues are promoted to be trainers. You pass along this same advice to your new trainees. This is an example of how ______ may influence conformity.

generational influence!