ch14 Biomolecules

Biomolecule

Is a chemical compound found in living organisms

Monosaccharides

single sugar unit

Examples of monosaccharides

Glucose, fructose (honey , fruit)

Disaccharides

Two sugar units

Examples of Disaccharides

Maltose(cereals), sucrose(table sugar)

Polysaccharides

Many sugar units

Examples of polysaccharides

Starch(bread),fibre(wholegrain bread)

Catabolic reaction

Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones

Anabolic reaction

Small molecules are converted into larger molecules , using energy

Examples of lipids

Oil , fats , phospholipid

Amino acid

Is the basic structure in a protein

Peptide

Is a short chain of amino acids

Polypeptide

Is a long chain of amino acids

Vitamin

Is an organic molecule needed for organism to function properly

Vitamin C

water soluble

Vitamin D

Fat-soluble

Vitamin C sources

Citrus fruits , kiwis , fresh vegetable

Vitamin D sources

Oily fish , liver , yogurt

Vitamin C function

Helps wounds to heal , forms collagen

Vitamin D function

Helps the absorption of calcium

Calcium sources

Milk , cheese , green leafy

Iron sources

Liver , red meat , nuts

Calcium function

Builds strong bones and teeth

Iron function

Make haemoglobin , carries oxygen in red blood

Iron deficiency

Anaemia