Matter

What are the three main states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas.

What is the characteristic of solids in terms of shape and particle position?

Solids have a definite shape and particles are in a fixed position.

Which state of matter is compressible?

Gas.

What happens to particles in a gas in terms of energy?

Particles have the highest energy.

What is the definition of a compound?

A substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded.

What type of substance is soda classified as?

Solution.

What is the definition of intensive physical properties?

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance present.

Give an example of a chemical change.

Burning a match.

What is sublimation?

The phase change from solid to gas.

Is sea water a homogeneous mixture?

No, it is a solution.

What is the charge of a proton?

+1.

What experiment did Rutherford conduct?

Gold foil experiment.

What is the average atomic mass of Lithium?

6.94 amu.

What is the mass number of Chlorine (Cl⁻)?

35.

What takes place during alpha decay?

The mass decreases by 4.

What concept describes how matter can be broken down in atomic theory?

Atomic theory states that matter is composed of atoms, which cannot be created or destroyed.

What relationship does beta decay have with atomic numbers?

The atomic number increases by 1.

What characteristic defines a physical change?

A change that does not alter the chemical composition of the substance.

What are neutrons' contribution to atomic mass?

Neutrons contribute to the mass number.

How many protons does Titanium have?

22 protons.

What happens to matter during freezing?

It undergoes a physical change from liquid to solid.

What is evidence of a chemical change?

Color change, temperature change, gas formation, or formation of a precipitate.

What are the common features of mixtures?

They can be separated by physical means and have variable compositions.

What do Thomson's model and the plum pudding model depict?

A positive sphere with electrons embedded within it.

What occurs during nuclear fission?

Large atoms are split into smaller atoms, releasing energy.

What defines a solution?

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

What did Millikan's oil-drop experiment measure?

The charge of the electron.

How does a proton affect atomic number?

Protons determine the atomic number of an element.

What is the main discovery associated with Chadwick?

The discovery of the neutron.

What is released during a fusion reaction?

Helium is a waste product of fusion.

What is the phase change from gas to solid called?

Deposition.

What are the three types of radiation?

Alpha, Beta, Gamma.

What is Bohr's model of the atom?

A model with a nucleus in the center and electrons in orbit around it.

What percentage of Lithium is Lithium-7?

Approximately 94%.

What is the half-life of Thorium-230?

2 days.

What does change that absorbs energy refer to?

Endothermic changes.

What phrase describes homogenous mixtures?

They have uniform composition throughout.

What type of mixture is Granite classified as?

Mixture.

What determines the average atomic mass in isotopes?

The relative abundance and mass of each isotope.