psych ap test shet idk

Dopamine

A neurotransmitter involved in movement learning attention emotion and reward pathways

Serotonin

A neurotransmitter that affects mood sleep hunger and arousal

Norepinephrine

A neurotransmitter involved in alertness arousal and the fight or flight response

Glutamate

The brain’s main excitatory neurotransmitter important for learning and memory

GABA

The brain’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter that decreases neural activity

Endorphins

Neurotransmitters that reduce pain and produce feelings of pleasure

Acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter involved in muscle movement learning and memory

Leptin

A hormone that helps regulate hunger and body weight by signaling fullness

Cerebellum

A brain structure that coordinates movement balance and procedural memory

Limbic System

A group of brain structures involved in emotion motivation and memory

Cerebral Cortex

The outer layer of the brain responsible for thinking perception and voluntary movement

Hypothalamus

A brain structure that maintains homeostasis by regulating hunger thirst body temperature and hormones

Pituitary Gland

The endocrine system’s master gland that controls other glands and growth

Hippocampus

A brain structure involved in forming new explicit memories

Corpus Callosum

A band of nerve fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres

Parietal Lobes

Brain lobes involved in processing touch and body position sensations

Somatosensory Cortex

An area of the parietal lobe that processes touch and body sensations

Aphasia

Impairment of language ability caused by brain damage

Implicit Memory

Unconscious memory for skills and procedures

Explicit Memory

Conscious memory of facts and experiences

Iconic Memory

A brief visual sensory memory lasting less than a second

Behavioral Perspective

A psychological approach focusing on observable behavior and conditioning

Vicarious Conditioning

Learning through observing the rewards or punishments of others

False Consensus Effect

The tendency to overestimate how much others share our beliefs and behaviors

Psychodynamic Theory

A theory emphasizing unconscious drives and childhood experiences in personality

Psychoanalytic Theory

Freud’s theory focusing on unconscious conflicts among the id ego and superego

Trait Theory

A theory explaining personality through stable characteristics called traits

Humanistic Theory

A theory emphasizing free will personal growth and self actualization

Behavioral Theory

A theory stating personality develops through conditioning and reinforcement

Social Cognitive Theory

A theory emphasizing interactions between behavior thinking and environment

Psychodynamic Perspective

A perspective focusing on unconscious motives and early childhood experiences

Humanistic Perspective

A perspective emphasizing personal growth and human potential

Cognitive Perspective

A perspective focusing on mental processes such as thinking memory and problem solving

Evolutionary Perspective

A perspective explaining behavior through adaptation and natural selection

Sociocultural Perspective

A perspective emphasizing how culture and social environments influence behavior

Biological Perspective

A perspective focusing on the influence of the brain genes hormones and nervous system on behavior

Fugue

A dissociative state involving memory loss and sudden travel away from one’s identity

Catatonia

A state of unresponsiveness or abnormal movement often associated with schizophrenia or other disorders