Chapter 7:Digestive 2

Hard palate

is bony

which palate has uvula

soft

Tongue Has

Taste papillae

Taste buds

Lingual tonsils

Gingiva

Gums

Crown Covered by

ENAMEL

enamel

Enamel = hardest biological substance

Made of hydroxyapatite (~98% in teeth)-stronger than bone

Root Made of:

dentin-hard

cementum

in the root helps anchor teeth into sockets

Periodontal ligaments

Hold teeth in place

Weakening → teeth fall with age

Order of strongest material in body

enamel, dentin and then bone

larngopharynx consists of

Trachea in front

Esophagus in back

Trachea Opening is called

glottis

Esophagus Opening is called

gullet

Esophagus tissue type

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

which tonsil r unpaired

Pharyngeal i

which tonsils are paired

palatine and lingual tonsil

Which GI organs are made of simple columnar epi- no cilia

Stomach,duodenum,jejunum, ileum and colon

what does intestines have that increase their SA

Villi

Microvilli

-Found on single cells (enterocytes)

-Enterocyte

Cell of the intestine

Layers of GI Tract

1. Mucosa

2. Submucosa

3. Muscularis

4. Serosa

Mucosa

(Innermost layer)

Made of epithelium

Has mucus glands

Lamina Propria

Loose connective tissue

Contains:

Mucosal glands

MALT (immune tissue)

Submucosa

-middle layer

Made of dense connective tissue

-has Nerves

Muscularis Externa

Made of smooth muscle

Two layers:

Circular (inner)

Longitudinal (outer)

Circular is

inner

longitudional layer is

outer

Myenteric Plexus

Network of nerves within muscularis externa

GI tract made of WHAT type of mucles

smooth muscle

Circular + longitudinal layers help with:

Peristalsis (movement of food)

GI Nervous System has how many nueron

700 million neurons

GI Nervous System how many system

2

Submuscoal nurse plexus(meissner's complex)

Myenteric nerve plexus: or auerobactis plexus

Submucosal Nerve Plexus aka

Meissner's plexus

Submucosal Nerve Plexus location

submucosa

Ghrelin

cuase shunger

gastrin

stimulates gastric acid

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP)

Causes smooth muscle relaxation

motilin

mkaes food move

Secretin

Causes secretion of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

-Causes enzyme-rich pancreatic juice

-Inhibits appetite

Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)

inhibits gastric secretion