Unit 5: Vessels and Nerves of Abdomen and Pelvis

What are the segments of branches aorta?

Posterior, Anterior, and Lateral branches

What are the posterior branches of abdominal aorta?

Inferior phrenic artery, Lumbar arteries, Median sacral artery

What is a branch of internal thoracic artery?

Superior epigastric artery

What does the superior epigastric artery supply

Supplies superior half of anterior abdominal wall

What is a branch off external iliac artery?

Inferior epigastric artery

What does the inferior epigastric artery supply

Supplies inferior half of anterior abdominal wall

What are the structures of the foregut?

Inferior esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, proximal half of duodenum

What are the structures of the midgut?

Distal half of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

What are the structures of the hindgut?

Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, superior of rectum

What supplies blood to the foregut?

Celiac trunk branches

What supplies blood to the midgut?

Superior mesenteric artery branches

What supplies blood to the hindgut?

Inferior mesenteric artery branches

What is the first major unpaired branch off the abdominal aorta?

Celiac Trunk

What are the three branches of the celiac trunk?

Left Gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

Location of left gastric artery?

More superior, goes into lesser curvature of stomach

What does the left gastric artery supply blood to?

Stomach and esophagus

Location of splenic artery?

Left, very curvy, behind stomach to spleen

What does the splenic artery supply blood to?

Pancrease and spleen

Location of common hepatic artery?

Heads to right towards the liver

What does the common hepatic artery supply blood to?

Liver, gallbladder, pylorus of stomach

What are the terminal branches of the common hepatic artery?

Proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery

Location of proper hepatic artery? Branches?

Superior toward liver, branches into right and left hepatic arteries and right gastric artery

What branches off the right hepatic artery? Supplies?

Cystic artery; gallbladder and cystic duct

What does right gastric artery supply?

Lesser curvature of stomach

Location of gastroduodenal artery? Travels toward?

Inferior branch of common hepatic artery; toward junction of stomach and duodenum

Identify

Abdominal aorta

Identify

Celiac Trunk

Identify

Left gastric artery

Identify

Splenic artery

Identify

Common hepatic artery

Identify

Proper hepatic artery

Identify

Gastroduodenal Artery

What is the second major unpaired branch off the abdominal aorta?

Superior Mesenteric Artery

What are the major branches of superior mesenteric artery?

Intestinal arteries, Ileocolic artery, Right colic artery, Middle colic artery

Location of intestinal arteries?

Left and inferior

Location of middle colic artery?

Heads straight upwards

What does middle colic artery supply?

Supplies 2/3 of transverse colon

Location of right colic artery?

Heads right to ascending colon

What does right colic artery supply?

Ascending colon, hepatic flexure

Location of ileocolic artery?

Heads toward cecum aka inferior and to the right

What does ileocolic artery supply?

Cecum, part of ascending colon, appendix

Identify

Superior mesenteric artery

Identify left inferior

Intestinal arteries

Identify

Ileocolic artery

Identify

Right Colic Artery

Identify

Middle colic artery

What is the third major unpaired branch off the abdominal aorta?

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

What are the major branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

Left colic artery, sigmoidal artery, superior rectal artery

Location of left colic artery?

Towards left

What does left colic artery supply?

Supplies descending colon

Location of sigmoidal arteries?

Heads toward sigmoidal colon

What does sigmoidal arteries supply?

sigmoidal colon

Location of superior rectal artery?

Heads inferior to superior aspect of rectum

What does superior rectal artery supply?

Superior aspect of rectum

Identify

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Identify

Left colic artery

Identify branches off green

Sigmoidal arteries

Identify

Superior rectal artery

What are the paired lateral branches off the abdominal aorta?

Renal arteries and gonadal arteries

What do the renal arteries supply?

Kidneys

What do the gonadal arteries supply?

Supply gonads

Identify

Renal Arteries

Identify

Gonadal arteries

What are the posterior branches of the aorta?

Inferior phrenic arteries, lumbar arteries, median sacral artery

Identify

Common Iliac Arteries

How does sympathetic innervation enter visceral abdominal region

Splanchnic nerves

What type of fibers do splanchnic nerves carry? Synapses with what and in where? Where do the postsynaptic fibers travel to

Presynaptic sympathetic fibers; postsynaptic fibers in celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia; visceral organs

What are the two pathways for parasympathetic innervation?

Vagus nerve and pelvic splanchnics

What type of fibers does vagus nerve have? Where does it run to? Where does synapse occur?

Presynaptic parasympathetic fibers; to foregut and midgut and synapse occurs here too

What type of fibers does pelvic splanchnics have? Where does it run to? Where does synapse occur?

presynaptic parasympathetic fibers; to hindgut and synapse occurs here as well

What are the two venous drainage systems of the abdomen?

Caval system of veins and portal system of veins

type of drainage for caval system of veins? Where does it all drain into? Type of blood it carries?

Systemic venous drainage; inferior vena cava; deoxygenated blood to right atrium

Where does portal system of veins all drain into? Type of blood it carries?

Hepatic portal vein; brings nutrient rich but oxygen poor blood to liver

Describe inferior vena cava; location?

Largest vein in the body, formed by union of common iliac veins, delivers deoxygenated blood from lower portion of body back to right atrium; more right than aorta

What are the tributaries of Inferior vena cava? What must they do to be considered tributaries?

Renal veins and right gonadal vein; drain directly into inferior vena cava

Where does the left gonadal vein drain into? right gonadal vein?

Left renal vein; inferior vena cava

Additional functions of liver in terms of hepatic portal system?

Produces bile, breaks down toxic substances, stores vitamins, and processes nutrients, all blood in the GI tract must be filtered by the liver first

Describe portal vein; type of blood it carries?

union of splenic and superior mesenteric veins; returns nutrient rich but oxygen poor blood to the liver

Identify blue

inferior vena cava

Identify arrow

Renal Vein

Identify, drains into what vein?

Left gonadal vein; left renal vein

Identify, drains into what vein?

Right gonadal vein; inferior vena cava

Identify

Common iliac veins

Identify

Hepatic Portal Vein

Check summary of visceral nerves and arteries (slide 45), know all the information there, type 1 when done

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