Fluids Wk 5 Tuesday Lecture Bernoulii Examples, Nozzles, Cavitation

Incompressible flow

A flow condition where the density of the fluid remains constant throughout.

Bernoulli's equation

A principle that describes the conservation of energy in flowing fluids and relates pressure, velocity, and elevation along a streamline.

Stagnation point

A point in a fluid flow where the velocity is zero and the pressure is maximized.

Confined flow

Flow of fluid in a system where the fluid is constrained by boundaries, such as a pipe.

Mass flow rate

The mass of fluid passing through a cross-section per unit time.

Continuity equation

An equation that states that the mass flow rate must remain constant from one cross-section of a flow to another, assuming steady flow.

Cavitation

The formation of vapor cavities in a liquid when the pressure drops below its vapor pressure, leading to potential damage when the bubbles collapse.

Pitot static tube

A device used to measure fluid velocity by converting the kinetic energy in a fluid's flow into potential energy.

Density

The mass per unit volume of a fluid, crucial for analyzing fluid flow.

Velocity

The speed of fluid flow in a specified direction, critical for calculations related to the flow rate and Bernoulli's equation.

Angular momentum

The quantity of rotation of a body, which is significant when discussing forces acting on a fluid.

Pressure drop

The decrease in fluid pressure as it flows through a pipe or orifice, due to friction and other resistances.