Chapter 3: Selection Control Structure

Vocabulary flashcards covering C++ Boolean values, operators, and selection control structures including if, if-else, nested-if, and switch statements.

Boolean Values

The values TRUE ($1$) or FALSE ($0$) used in logic.

Relational Operators

A set of $6$ binary operations that compare two operands to produce a logical result of TRUE ($1$) or FALSE ($0$).

<

The relational operator meaning 'Less than'.

The relational operator meaning 'Less than or equal'.

>

The relational operator meaning 'Greater'.

=

The relational operator meaning 'Greater than or equal'.

==

The relational operator meaning 'Equal'.

!=

The relational operator meaning 'Not equal'.

Simple Boolean Expressions

An expression in which two numbers (arithmetic values) are compared using a single relational operator.

Logical Operators

Operators in C++ used for combining logical values, including NOT ($!$), AND ($\&\&$), and OR ($||$).

Logical NOT (!)

A unary operator that changes a TRUE value (non zero) to FALSE ($0$) and a FALSE value ($0$) to TRUE ($1$).

Logical AND (&&)

A binary operator that results in TRUE only if both operands are TRUE; otherwise, it is FALSE.

Logical OR (||)

A binary operator that results in FALSE only if both operands are FALSE; otherwise, it is TRUE.

Logical Priority

The order of evaluation where $()$ is first, followed by $!$, then arithmetic ($*, /, \%$, then $+, -$), then relational operators, then $\&\&$, and finally $||$.

Selection Structure

A control structure where statements are executed based on conditions formed by Boolean expressions.

One-way Selection (if)

A selection structure where a statement is executed if a condition is TRUE, otherwise it is ignored.

Two-way Selection (if…else)

A structure that makes a decision between two alternatives; one set of statements executes if the condition is TRUE, and another if it is FALSE.

Multi-way Selection

Selection structures such as nested-if or switch statements used to handle multiple alternative conditions.

Nested-if

A structure where an if…else statement is included within another if…else statement.

Compound Statements

A sequence of statements enclosed in curly braces ${ }$ that is treated by C++ as a single statement.

Switch Statements

A composite statement used to make a decision between many alternatives based on integral types.

Break Statement

A statement used within a switch to cause the program to jump out of the switch block.

Default Label

An optional label in a switch statement that executes when none of the case constants match the switch expression.