OIA muscles

occipitofrontalis origin

skin of eyebrows and forehead

Occipitofrontalis insertion

aponeurosis

occipitofrontalis action

draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally as in look of surprise

corrugator supercilii origin

medial end of superciliary arch of frontal bone

corrugator supercilii insertion

dermis of skin and in middle 3rd of eyebrow

corrugator supercilii action

draws eyebrows inferiorly and wrinkles skin of forehead vertically as in frowning

Orbicularis oculi Origin

Frontal & maxillary bones

Orbicularis oculi Insertion

Tissue of eyelid

Orbicularis oculi Action

Closes eye

Zygomaticus Origin

Zygomatic bone

Zygomaticus Insertion

Corner of mouth

Zygomaticus Action

Elevates mouth (smile) angle superior and lateral

Buccinator Origin:

Alveolar processes of maxilla/mandible

Buccinator Insertion:

Orbicularis oris

Buccinator Action:

Compresses cheek as in blowing whistling or sucking

Orbicularis oris Origin:

Maxilla & mandible

Orbicularis oris Insertion:

Skin of lips

Orbicularis oris Action:

Closes/purses lips

Masseter Origin:

maxilla and Zygomatic arch

Masseter Insertion:

anglr and ramus of Mandible

Masseter Action:

Elevates mandible as in closing mouth

Temporalis Origin:

Temporal bone

Temporalis Insertion:

Mandible

Temporalis Action:

Elevates/retracts jaw

Platysma Origin:

Chest fascia

Platysma Insertion:

lower border of Mandible and skin of lower face

Platysma Action:

draws lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly

Rectus abdominis Origin:

Pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Rectus abdominis Insertion:

Ribs 5-7 & xiphoid process

Rectus abdominis Action:

compression and flexion of abdominal area

External oblique Origin:

Ribs

External oblique Insertion:

Ilium

External oblique Action:

compression and flexion of abdominal area

Internal oblique Origin:

Ilium

Internal oblique Insertion:

Ribs

Internal oblique Action:

compression and flexion of abdominal area

Transverse abdominis Origin:

Ilium & ribs

Transverse abdominis Insertion:

Linea alba

Transverse abdominis Action:

compression and flexion of abdominal area

Deltoid Origin:

Clavicle & scapula

Deltoid Insertion:

Humerus

Deltoid Action:

Abduction, flexion, extension, medial and lateral rotation of the arm at the shoulder joint

Pectoralis major Origin:

Sternum & clavicle ribs 2-6

Pectoralis major Insertion:

Humerus

Pectoralis major Action:

Flexes, adducts arm, medial rotation of arm

Latissimus dorsi Origin:

lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, crest of sacrum and illium

Latissimus dorsi Insertion:

intertubercular sulcus of Humerus

Latissimus dorsi Action:

Extends/adducts arm medial rotation of the arm at shoulder joint

Trapezius Origin:

Occipital bone & spine 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae

Trapezius Insertion:

Clavicle, scapula, acromion

Trapezius Action:

Moves scapula

Biceps brachii Origin:

Scapula

Biceps brachii Insertion:

Radius

Biceps brachii Action:

Flexes elbow

Brachialis Origin:

Humerus

Brachialis Insertion:

coronoid process of Ulna

Brachialis Action:

Flexion of forearm at the elbow joint

Triceps brachii Origin:

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; medial and lateral head: humerus

Triceps brachii Insertion:

olecranon of Ulna

Triceps brachii Action:

Extension of arm at the shoulder joint, extension of forearm at the elbow joint

Flexor carpi radialis Origin:

Humerus

Flexor carpi radialis Insertion:

base of 2nd Metacarpal

Flexor carpi radialis Action:

Flexes wrist/ extension and adduction of hand

Palmaris longus Origin:

media epicondyle of Humerus

Palmaris longus Insertion:

Palm fascia/ palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Palmaris longus Action:

weak flexion of the hand at the wrist joint

Flexor carpi ulnaris Origin:

Humerus & ulna

Flexor carpi ulnaris Insertion:

Carpals pisiform, hamate and fifth metacarpal

Flexor carpi ulnaris Action:

Flexion and adduction of hand

Extensor digitorum Origin:

lateral epicondyle of Humerus

Extensor digitorum Insertion:

extensor expansion of Fingers 2-5

Extensor digitorum Action:

Extension of phalanges and of the hand at the wrist joint

Extensor carpi radialis Origin:

lateral supracondylar ridge of Humerus

Extensor carpi radialis Insertion:

base of 2nd Metacarpals

Extensor carpi radialis Action:

Extension and adduction of hand

Extensor carpi ulnaris Origin:

lateral epicondyle of humerus: posterior border of ulna

Extensor carpi ulnaris Insertion:

base of 5th metacarpal

Extensor carpi ulnaris Action:

extension and adduction ofhand at wrist joint

Gluteus maximus Origin:

Iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx

Gluteus maximus Insertion:

linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus maximus Action:

extension and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint

Gluteus medius Origin:

Ilium

Gluteus medius Insertion:

greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus medius Action:

Abduction and medial rotation of the thigh at hip joint

Iliopsoas Origin:

iliac fossa; T12- L5 vertebrae

Iliopsoas Insertion:

lesser trochanter of femur

Iliopsoas Action:

Flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint

Adductor longus Origin:

Pubic crest and symphysis

Adductor longus Insertion:

linea aspera of femur

Adductor longus Action:

Adduction and rotation of the thigh at hip joint

Gracilis Origin:

inferior ramus of pubis

Gracilis Insertion:

medial surface of proximal tibia

Gracilis Action:

adduction and medial rotation of the thigh at the hip joint; flexion of leg and knee joint

Rectus femoris Origin:

anterior inferior iliac spine

Rectus femoris Insertion:

Tibial tuberosity

Rectus femoris Action:

flexion of the thigh at the hip joint, extension of the leg at the knee joint

Vastus lateralis Origin:

greater trochanter;linea aspera

Vastus lateralis Insertion:

Tibial tuberosity

Vastus lateralis Action:

Extension of the leg at knee joint

Vastus medialis Origin:

linea aspera