Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) Overview

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) from the lecture notes.

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS)

A serious condition characterized by extremely high blood glucose levels, typically above 700 mg/dL, leading to dehydration and related symptoms.

Osmotic Pressure

The pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes, such as glucose, in the blood that causes fluid to be drawn from nearby cells.

Polyuria

The condition of producing abnormally large volumes of urine, often seen in HHS due to osmotic diuresis.

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst, which can occur in HHS due to dehydration.

Polyphagia

Excessive hunger that often results from cells not receiving necessary glucose due to insulin resistance.

Signs of HHS

Common signs and symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, headache, confusion, seizures, and constipation.

Diagnosis of HHS

Typically diagnosed when blood glucose levels are found to be significantly elevated, often during medical assessment for various symptoms.

Treatment for HHS

Involves hydration with IV fluids, insulin administration, and monitoring of complications.

Difference from DKA

HHS does not present with metabolic or respiratory acidosis, differentiating it from Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).

Dehydration

A state resulting from loss of fluids, often due to osmotic diuresis in HHS, requiring prompt rehydration treatment.