Rev test 2 Metals, Redox, ELECTROLYSIS

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Last updated 11:02 AM on 3/24/26
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16 Terms

1
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Draw a labelled diagram to show the bonding and structure in a sample of aluminium metal. (3)

  • M1: (for a) 3x3 grid or bigger (of ions)

  • M2: ion(s) AND electron(s) labelled

  • M3: (drawing shows) Al3+Al^{3+} ion in fixed lattice position AND delocalised electron(s)

    • IGNORE: if no. of electrons ≠\neq 27

    • IGNORE: (unless) less than 15 (electrons)

<ul><li><p><strong>M1:</strong> (for a) <strong>3x3 grid or bigger</strong> (of ions)</p></li><li><p><strong>M2:</strong> <strong>ion(s) AND electron(s) labelled</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>M3:</strong> (drawing shows) <span><strong>$$Al^{3+}$$</strong></span><strong> ion in fixed lattice position</strong> AND <strong>delocalised electron(s)</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>IGNORE:</strong> <strong>if no. of electrons </strong><span><strong>$$\neq$$</strong></span><strong> 27</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>IGNORE:</strong> (unless) <strong>less than 15</strong> (electrons)</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Explain why aluminium is a good conductor of electricity. (2)

  • M1: delocalised electrons present (since metallic bonding)

  • M2: these electrons are Mobile / free to move

3
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Suggest why aluminium is ductile. (2)

  • M1: layers of atoms / ions

  • M2: can slide past each other

4
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Explain what is meant by the term electrolysis. (2)

  • M1: passage of an electric current through an electrolyte

  • M2: accompanied by redox reactions at the electrodes / OR (resulting in) decomposition of the electrolyte

5
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<p>Identify gas A, gas B and solution C. (3)</p>

Identify gas A, gas B and solution C. (3)

  • M1 (gas A): chlorine / Cl2Cl_2

  • M2 (gas B): H2H_2 / hydrogen

  • M3 (solution C): sodium hydroxide / $NaOH$

<ul><li><p><strong>M1 (gas A):</strong> <strong>chlorine</strong> / <span><strong>$$Cl_2$$ </strong></span></p></li><li><p><strong>M2</strong> (gas B): <code>$$H_2$$</code> / hydrogen</p></li><li><p><strong>M3 (solution C):</strong> <strong>sodium hydroxide</strong> / <span><strong>$NaOH$</strong></span></p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Why does the sodium chloride have to be molten before it will conduct electricity? (1)

M1: so that the IONS are free to move / Mobile

7
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The ionic half-equation for the formation of sodium is $Na^+ + e^- \rightarrow Na$ Write the ionic half-equation for the formation of chlorine from chloride ions. (2)

  • M1: 2Cl−2Cl^- on left and Cl2Cl_2 on right

  • M2: +2e−+ 2e^- on right (or −2e−- 2e^- on left)

  • Full equation: 2Cl−→Cl2+2e−2Cl^- \rightarrow Cl_2 + 2e^-

8
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State two properties that make iron a suitable metal for saucepans. (2 marks)

  • M1 malleable

  • M2 good conductor of heat

  • M3 high melting point

9
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State two properties that make aluminium a suitable metal for power cables. (2 marks)

  • M1 ductile

  • M2 good conductor of electricity

10
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What is meant by the term exothermic? (1)

M1: heat is given out to the surroundings

11
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<p>What does the reaction suggest about the reactivity of aluminium compared to the reactivity of iron? Explain your answer. (2)</p>

What does the reaction suggest about the reactivity of aluminium compared to the reactivity of iron? Explain your answer. (2)

  • M1: Al is more reactive than Fe

  • M2: Al displaces Fe / OR Al removes oxygen from $Fe_2O_3$

<ul><li><p><strong>M1:</strong> <strong>Al is more reactive than Fe</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>M2:</strong> <strong>Al displaces Fe</strong> / <strong>OR Al removes oxygen from </strong><span><strong>$Fe_2O_3$</strong></span></p></li></ul><p></p>
12
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<p>Which element is oxidised in this thermite reaction? Give a reason for your answer. (2)</p>

Which element is oxidised in this thermite reaction? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

  • M1: Al is oxidised

  • M2: Al is gaining oxygen

  • Ignore: loss of electrons

<ul><li><p><strong>M1:</strong> <strong>Al is oxidised</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>M2:</strong> <strong>Al is gaining oxygen</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ignore:</strong> <strong>loss of electrons</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>
13
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Give the chemical name for rust. (1)

M1: hydrated iron(III) oxide

14
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Suggest a suitable element for the inert electrodes. (1)

  • M1: carbon or platinum

    • REJECT: "graphite"

15
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3 properties of metals

Any one of the following:

  • Good conductors of heat; [1 mark]

  • Good conductors of electricity; [1 mark]

  • Malleable; [1 mark]

  • Ductile; [1 mark]

  • High density; [1 mark]

  • Have basic oxides / hydroxides; [1 mark]

  • High melting point; [1 mark]

  • Sonorous; [1 mark]

  • Shiny; [1 mark]

  • Hard; [1 mark]

  • Strong; [1 mark]

[Total: 3 marks]

  • The most common correct answer to this question is about metals being good conductors of electricity

    • Careful: Good conductor on its own may not be enough to achieve the mark

16
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Explain why mercury is a liquid and other metals are solids. (2)

  • In mercury, the particles can move / flow; [1 mark] Comments about the spacing and energy of the particles are ignored

  • In solid metals, the particles do not move
    OR
    In solid metals, the particles vibrate around / are in fixed positions; [1 mark]

It is asking you to compare the movement of particles in a liquid and a solid