Civil War

What were the border states during the Civil War?

Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Delaware, and Maryland.

Which state was the first to secede from the Union?

South Carolina.

How many states ultimately seceded from the Union?

Eleven states.

What role did Millard Fillmore play in the 1850s sectional tensions?

He backed away from the Compromise of 1850, allowing slavery to spread.

What impact did Franklin Pierce have on sectional tensions?

He dealt with a dominant Congress, and he was ineffective as an executive.

Who was known as 'Fainting Frank'?

Franklin Pierce, due to an incident during the Mexican-American War.

What stance did James Buchanan take regarding slavery?

He defended slavery as a constitutional right.

Name one major technological innovation used during the Civil War.

Ironclads.

How did the telegraph impact communication during the Civil War?

It allowed for almost instantaneous communication over long distances.

What was a key advantage of the railway system during the Civil War?

It enabled faster transportation of individuals and supplies.

Describe the significance of the Spencer rifle.

It was easier to reload and more accurate, aiding Union forces.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation state?

All enslaved people in seceded states would be free as of January 1, 1863.

What was one immediate result of the Emancipation Proclamation?

The Emancipation Proclamation went into effect immediately freeing enslaved Black people in the rebelling states, but it took the Civil war to enforce the order. The Union secured victory in April 1865 when the Confederates surrendered at Appomattox.

How many Black soldiers fought for the Union by the end of the Civil War?

200,000.

What two founding principles did Lincoln articulate in the Gettysburg Address?

'All men are created equal' and 'government of the people, by the people, for the people'.

What does Juneteenth commemorate?

The arrival of federal troops in Texas to enforce freedom for enslaved people.

Where did the First Battle of Bull Run take place?

Virginia.

Who was a key figure in the Union Victory at the Battle of Shiloh?

Ulysses S. Grant.

What was notable about the Battle of Antietam?

It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history.

What impact did the Battle of Gettysburg have on the Civil War?

It was a turning point that prevented the southern invasion of the north.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Vicksburg?

It divided the South into two parts.

Who surrendered at Appomattox Court House?

Robert E. Lee.

What tactical strengths did Ulysses S. Grant possess?

Good tactics relating to siege and effective resource management.

Describe the impact of Frederick Douglass on the Civil War.

He became an influential abolitionist leader through his writings and speeches.

What was Clara Barton's contribution during the Civil War?

She served as a nurse and founded the American Red Cross.

Who was Robert Smalls and what did he achieve?

He escaped slavery, piloted a Confederate ship to the Union, and later served in Congress.

What was significant about William T. Sherman's tactics?

He effectively led Sherman’s march and used unconventional resource strategies.

How did the Civil War affect American politics?

It strengthened the federal government's power and established a more centralized authority.

What economic impact did the Civil War have on the South?

It left the South financially destroyed and its infrastructure in ruins.

How did the Civil War change women's roles in society?

Women gained opportunities to work as nurses and contribute to the war effort.

What was the long-term impact of the Civil War on African Americans?

Nearly 4 million slaves were freed and gained citizenship and voting rights.

What was the fate of Native Americans during and after the Civil War?

About ⅓ of Cherokee and Seminole populations died from violence and disease.

What consequences did common soldiers face after the Civil War?

Many soldiers faced death, disability, and trauma; ⅓ of Southern households lost a member.

Where did the Civil War come to a close?

At Appomattox Court House when Lee surrendered to Grant.

What happened to Lincoln shortly after the war ended?

He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth five days after Lee's surrender.

What was one significant amendment that followed the Civil War?

The 13th amendment, which banned slavery.

What did the 14th amendment establish?

It set guidelines for citizenship and equal protection under the law.

What right did the 15th amendment guarantee?

The right to vote regardless of race, color, or condition of servitude.

What was the significance of the transcontinental railroad post-Civil War?

It intensified westward migration and settlement of the American frontier.