Exam 1 BQs

sella turcica

where the pituitary gland sits

fractured nasal bones

produces a broken nose

jugular

throat

foramen lacerum

no structures completely pass through

primary curvatures

curvatures present at birth

secondary curvatures

curvatures develop postnatally

cervical vertebrae feature

has small bodies

C-7 vertebrae

vertebra prominens

Thoracic vertebrae feature

sloping spinous process

lumbar vertebrae feature

has large bodies

Sacrum

made of 5 fused vertebrae

Coccyx

3-5 partially fused vertebrae

Costal cartilages

made of hyaline cartilages

surgical neck of humerus bone

common site of fractures

Female bony pelvis features

bones are thin

greater pelvis is shallow

lesser pelvis is wide and cylindrical

Male bony pelvis features

Bones are thick

greater pelvis is deep

lesser pelvis is narrow and cone-shaped

patella

is a sesamoid bone

intercondylar eminence

the cruciate ligaments attach anterior and posterior to the eminence

medial malleolus

means hammer, easily palpable on the medial ankle

trochlea of talus bone

also called the dome, articulates with the tibia at the talocrural joint

Temporomandibular joint

modified hinge joint

costotransverse joint

plane joint

costovertebral joint

plane joint

Interpubic disc

made of fibrocartilage

acromioclavicular joint

joint disruption produces a shoulder separation

glenohumeral joint

displacement of bones produces shoulder dislocations- most occur inferiorly

distal radioulnar joint

proximal and distal joints together allow pronation and supination movements in the forearm

carpometacarpal joints

first CMP is a saddle joint and allows thumb to be super mobile and opposable

iliofemoral ligament

the strongest ligament in the body

Talocrural joint

dorsiflexion (toes pointed up) and plantarflexion (toes pointed down) occur here

subtalar joint

side to side rocking of calcaneus on talus produces eversion (pointed inward) and inversion (pointed outward) movements

aponeurosis

strong flat tendons

2 of 4 muscles that make up rotator cuff

supraspinatus muscle and infraspinatus muscle

zygomatic major

helps you smile

lateral head of the triceps brachii

prominent in body builders

palmaris longus muscle

20% of people don’t have one

brachioradialis

attaches the humerus to the radius

Psoas minor

40% of people don’t have one

pelvic diaphragm

forms the floor of the pelvic cavity and supports the pelvic organs

sartorius muscle

“tailor’s muscle” — longest muscle in the body

External oblique

Origin: lower ribs

Insertion: iliac crest and linea alba

actions: external oblique and internal oblique compress the abdomen