u16 des c1c2 topic vocab

Topic vocabulary: Materials (từ ảnh image_4b647c.jpg)

block (v, n)

/blɒk/ to prevent something from moving through something else (chặn, làm nghẽn); a large piece of a solid substance that has flat sides (một khối, tảng, viên lớn)

brittle (adj)

/ˈbrɪtl/ hard but easily broken (giòn, dễ vỡ)

chip (v, n)

/tʃɪp/ to break a small piece off something (làm sứt, mẻ); a small piece that has broken off something (mảnh sứt, mảnh vỡ nhỏ)

compact (v, adj)

/kəmˈpækt/ /ˈkɒmpækt/ to press something together so that it becomes tight or solid (nén chặt); smaller than most things of the same kind (nhỏ gọn, chật ních)

concentrate (v)

/ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ to make a liquid stronger by removing water from it (cô đặc)

crack (v, n)

/kræk/ to break something so that it does not separate, but very thin lines appear on its surface (làm nứt); a line on a surface where something is beginning to break (vết nứt)

crumb (n)

/krʌm/ a very small piece of bread, cake or biscuit (mảnh vụn, mẩu bánh)

crush (v, n)

/krʌʃ/ to press something so hard that it is damaged or broken (nghiền nát, đè bẹp); a crowd of people forced close together (đám đông chen lấn)

dense (adj)

/dens/ containing a lot of things or people in a small area (dày đặc, đặc quánh, trù mật)

dilute (v, adj)

/daɪˈluːt/ to make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another liquid (pha loãng); a dilute liquid has been made weaker (bị pha loãng)

dissolve (v)

/dɪˈzɒlv/ if a solid substance dissolves, it mixes with a liquid and becomes part of it (hòa tan, tan ra)

fabric (n)

/ˈfæbrɪk/ cloth used for making clothes, curtains, etc (vải vóc, chất liệu vải)

firm (adj)

/fɜːm/ solid but not hard (rắn chắc, chắc chắn)

flake (v, n)

/fleɪk/ to come off a surface in small thin pieces (bong tróc ra từng mảng); a small thin piece of something (mảnh nhỏ, bông, vảy)

fragile (adj)

/ˈfrædʒaɪl/ easy to break or damage (mong manh, dễ vỡ)

friction (n)

/ˈfrɪkʃn/ the force that makes it difficult for one object to slide along the surface of another (lực ma sát)

grain (n)

/ɡreɪn/ a single very small piece of a substance such as sand or salt (hạt, một hạt cát/muối)

gravity (n)

/ˈɡrævəti/ the force that attracts objects towards one another, especially the force that makes things fall to the ground (trọng lực)

grind (v)

/ɡraɪnd/ to break something into small pieces or powder by crushing it (xay, nghiền nhỏ thành bột)

hollow (adj)

/ˈhɒloʊ/ empty inside (rỗng tuếch, trống rỗng bên trong)

liquid (n, adj)

/ˈlɪkwɪd/ a substance that can flow, has no fixed shape, and is not a gas (chất lỏng); in the form of a liquid (ở thể lỏng)

lump (v, n)

/lʌmp/ to put or consider things together in the same group (gộp lại một nhóm); a solid piece of something of no particular shape (cục, miếng, hòn không có hình dáng cố định)

mineral (n)

/ˈmɪnərəl/ a natural substance in the earth that is not a plant or an animal (khoáng chất, khoáng sản)

mould (v, n)

/moʊld/ to give something a particular shape or form (đúc, nặn hình); a container that you pour a liquid into so that it becomes solid in a particular shape (khuôn đúc)

opaque (adj)

/oʊˈpeɪk/ opaque glass or liquid is difficult to see through (đục, mờ, không trong suốt)

pat (v, n)

/pæt/ to touch someone or something gently with your hand flat (vỗ nhẹ, vuốt ve); the action of patting someone or something (cái vỗ nhẹ)

pile (v, n)

/paɪl/ to put items one on top of another (chất đống, xếp chồng); a number of things put on top of one another (một đống, một chồng)

polish (v, n)

/ˈpɒlɪʃ/ to make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it (đánh bóng, làm láng); a substance used to make something shiny (nước xi đánh bóng)

scratch (v, n)

/skrætʃ/ to damage a surface by rubbing something sharp or rough against it (làm trầy xước, cào); a thin mark on a surface (vết trầy, vết xước)

scrub (v, n)

/skrʌb/ to clean something by rubbing it hard with a brush (cọ rửa, chà sạch); the act of scrubbing something (hành động cọ rửa)

smash (v)

/smæʃ/ to break into a lot of pieces with a loud noise (đập vỡ tan tành, phá tan)

solid (n, adj)

/ˈsɒlɪd/ a substance that is not a liquid or a gas (chất rắn); hard and of a regular shape (ở thể rắn, vững chắc)

speck (n)

/spek/ a very small spot or mark (một đốm nhỏ, hạt bụi nhỏ)

squash (v, n)

/skwɒʃ/ to crush something into a flat shape (đè bẹp, ép dẹt); a situation in which there are too many people in a small space (sự chen chúc)

squeeze (v, n)

/skwiːz/ to press something firmly, especially with your hands (vắt, ép, bóp); the act of squeezing something (sự bóp, sự vắt)

stack (v, n)

/stæk/ to arrange things into a neat pile (xếp chồng lên nhau gọn gàng); a pile of things placed one on top of another (một chồng được xếp gọn)

stiff (adj)

/stɪf/ firm and difficult to bend or move (cứng, cứng đơ, khó uốn cong)

stroke (v, n)

/stroʊk/ to move your hand gently over something (vuốt ve); a gentle movement of your hand over something (cái vuốt ve nhẹ nhàng)

stuff (v, n)

/stʌf/ to push something into a small space (nhồi nhét); a variety of objects or things (đồ đạc, thứ, chất liệu)

substance (n)

/ˈsʌbstəns/ a particular type of solid, liquid or gas (chất, vật chất)

synthetic (adj)

/sɪnˈθetɪk/ made of artificial substances rather than natural ones (nhân tạo, tổng hợp)

tear (v, n)

/teə/ to pull something so that it separates into pieces or gets a hole (xé rách); a hole in a piece of paper or cloth (vết rách)

texture (n)

/ˈtekstʃə/ the way that something feels when you touch it (kết cấu, bề mặt mịn/ráp khi chạm vào)

transparent (adj)

/trænsˈpærənt/ transparent glass or liquid allows you to see through it (trong suốt)

built-up (adj)

/ˌbɪlt ˈʌp/ a built-up area has a lot of buildings in it (vùng có mật độ xây dựng cao, đô thị hóa dày đặc)

bypass (v, n)

/ˈbaɪpɑːs/ to go around a town or other busy place rather than through it (đi đường vòng); a road that goes around a town to reduce traffic (đường tránh, đường vòng ngoại ô)

construct (v)

/kənˈstrʌkt/ to build something large such as a house, bridge or road (xây dựng các công trình lớn)

demolish (v)

/dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/ to deliberately destroy a building (phá dỡ hoàn toàn một tòa nhà, đánh sập)

district (n)

/ˈdɪstrɪkt/ an area of a country or town, especially one that has particular features (quận, huyện, khu vực hành chính)

dwell (v)

/dwel/ to live in a particular place (trú ngụ, cư ngụ, sinh sống)

estate (n)

/ɪˈsteɪt/ an area where there are many houses or factories built at the same time (khu đô thị, khu công nghiệp, bất động sản lớn)

evict (v)

/ɪˈvɪkt/ to legally force someone to leave the house they are living in (trục xuất, cưỡng chế đuổi ra khỏi nhà)

high-rise (adj)

/ˈhaɪ raɪz/ a high-rise building is very tall with many floors (cao tầng, có nhiều tầng)

housing (n)

/ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ buildings for people to live in (việc cung cấp nhà ở, khu nhà ở hệ thống)

infrastructure (n)

/ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə/ the basic systems and services that a country or organisation uses in order to work effectively, such as roads, power, etc (cơ sở hạ tầng)

inner city (n phr)

/ˌɪnə ˈsɪti/ an area near the centre of a large city where there are a lot of social and housing problems (khu phố cổ nội đô cũ - nơi thường đông đúc và nhiều vấn đề xã hội)

occupy (v)

/ˈɒkjupaɪ/ to live or work in a room or building (cư ngụ, chiếm giữ, sử dụng một không gian)

populated (adj)

/ˈpɒpjuleɪtɪd/ a populated area has people living in it (có dân cư sinh sống, mật độ dân cư)

skyline (n)

/ˈskaɪlaɪn/ the shapes made by buildings or mountains against the sky (đường chân trời thành phố, toàn cảnh thành phố nhìn từ xa)

skyscraper (n)

/ˈskaɪskreɪpə/ a very tall modern building (tòa nhà chọc trời)

structure (n)

/ˈstrʌktʃə/ something that has been built (cấu trúc công trình, công trình xây dựng)

suburban (adj)

/səˈbɜːbən/ relating to an area on the edge of a large town or city where people live (thuộc vùng ngoại ô)

surroundings (n pl)

/səˈraʊndɪŋz/ the object, buildings, or conditions that are around a person or thing (vùng xung quanh, môi trường bao quanh)

urban (adj)

/ˈɜːbən/ relating to towns and cities (thuộc về đô thị, thành thị)