Health and Wellness Practice Flashcards

VOCABULARY flashcards based on the PNS 112 Unit 7 lecture on health, wellness, Maslow's hierarchy, and levels of prevention.

Health (WHO Definition)

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Life Continuum

A scale used to represent the relationship between illness, health, and wellness across physical, mental, psychological, and spiritual well-being.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A humanistic approach consisting of five levels (physiologic to self-actualization) where a fixed hierarchical order is not always the most accurate for predicting patient behavior.

Physiological Needs (Maslow)

The most basic human requirements including breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, and excretion.

Safety Needs (Maslow)

Security of body, employment, resources, morality, the family, health, and property.

Love/Belonging Needs (Maslow)

Social needs involving friendship, family, and sexual intimacy.

Esteem Needs (Maslow)

Self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, and respect by others.

Self-Actualization

A person's motivation to reach his or her full potential; achieved only after basic needs are met.

Self-Transcendence

A level added later to Maslow's hierarchy that goes beyond self-actualization.

Health Belief Model

A theory stating individuals take action if they believe they are susceptible to a condition, the condition has serious consequences, and the benefits of action outweigh the costs.

Holistic Health Model

A model focusing on the interrelatedness of body and mind to help patients manage illness and achieve optimal health.

Health Promotion

The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health.

Wellness

The process of self-care achieved by making choices leading to a healthy life.

Risk Factor Reduction

The step-by-step improvement of individual health factors.

Healthy People 2030

An initiative to attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease and to achieve health equity by eliminating disparities.

Primary Prevention

Measures instituted before disease becomes established by removing causes or increasing resistance, such as vaccinations or wearing football pads.

Secondary Prevention

Measures undertaken in cases of latent (hidden) disease, including bone density tests, testicular exams, and blood sugar checks.

Tertiary Prevention

Measures implemented when a condition or illness is permanent and irreversible, such as using a walker.

Illness

An abnormal process in which aspects of the social, physical, emotional, or intellectual condition and function of a person are diminished or impaired.

Acute Illness

An illness characterized by an abrupt onset and short duration of less than $6$ months.

Chronic Illness

An illness lasting more than $6$ months that requires ongoing long-term care and may have periods of wellness and exacerbation.

Suchman's Stages of Illness

A five-stage model: I. Symptom Experience, II. Assumption of the sick role, III. Medical care contact, IV. Dependent patient role, and V. Perceived recovery.

Social Determinants of Health

Conditions including education access, economic stability, social/community context, health care access, and neighborhood environment.