Concept 4 Genetic Engineering

Biotechnology

Technology used to change genetic makeup of living things to make products, ex- antibiotics

Genetic engineering

Direct manipulation of an organisms genome

Recombinant DNA

Artificially made DNA from 2 or more different sources

Genome

An organisms complete set of DNA

Gene map

Shows location of genes on a chromosome

Restriction enzymes

Used to cut strands at specific locations

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Technique used to copy a piece of DNA without a cell

Gel electrophoresis

Lab method using electric current to separate DNA fragments based on size

Gene cloning

Produces multiple identical copies of a gene

Gene therapy

Inserting/editing a gene to fix a absent/abnormal one

CRISPR

Helps understand genetics behind many diseases

Stem cells

Undifferentiated cells that have potential to become anything

Selective breeding

Artificially breeding organisms with desired traits

Inbreeding

Cross closely related

Hybridization

Selective breeding between unrelated organisms