Economic and monetary union

Question: Which countries did not belong to the euro area in 2026? (two correct answers)

• Sweden

• Denmark

What is the ECB?

The European Central Bank

What is the ECB's inflation target?

2% over the medium term.

Who appoints the President of the ECB?

The European Council.

What are the EB's decision-making bodies?

Governing Council, Executive Board, General Council.

Question: What does the "no bail-out" clause mean?

Neither the EU nor Member States are liable for the debts of another Member State.

Question: What are the main own resources of the EU budget?

• Gross National Income (GNI) resource

• VAT-based resource

• Customs duties

• Plastic contribution

Question: Who grants discharge to the Commission for budget execution?

The European Parliament.

Question: Which Treaty formally established the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF)?

The Treaty of Lisbon.

CAP

COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY

Question: What were the four founding principles of the CAP? (four correct answers)

• Free circulation of agricultural products

• Common market intervention mechanism

• Community financing

• Import levies and export refunds

Question: What does "decoupling" of agricultural aid mean?

Agricultural subsidies are no longer linked to production levels or prices.

Question: What is the "green box" in WTO agricultural policy?

Aid measures with no trade-distorting effects and exempt from reduction commitments.

SGEI

SERVICES OF GENERAL ECONOMIC INTEREST

Question: What innovation concerning SGEls was introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon?

Creation of a legal basis allowing EU regulation of SGEls.

Question: What did the Altmark judgment define?

Conditions under which compensation for public service obligations is not State aid.

Question: For which commercial policy areas is unanimity required in the Council? (two correct answers)

• Health services

• Cultural and audiovisual services

Question: Who negotiates international trade agreements on behalf of the EU?

The European Commission

Question: What is a "mixed agreement"?

An agreement covering areas of both EU exclusive and shared competences.

ACP

Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States

Question: What are the agreements concluded with ACP countries called?

Economic Partnership Agreements.

Question: What does the "Everything But Arms" initiative provide for?

Duty free access to EU markets for all products from least developed countries, except arms and

Which EU body manages humanitarian aid?

ECHO

How is the European Development Fund financed?

By direct contributions from Member States.

Q: Who is the EU's budgetary authority?

A: The European Parliament and the Council.

Q: What is the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF)?

A: A long-term (5-7 years) spending plan setting EU ceilings.

Q: What was the purpose of NextGenerationEU?

A: Pandemic recovery + green and digital transitions.

Q: Who repays NextGenerationEU loans?

A: The EU through new own resources and Member State contributions.

Q: What is the EU internal market?

A: A single market ensuring free movement of goods, services, capital and persons.

Q: What is the Commission's role in competition law?

A: To investigate, enforce and sanction cartels, mergets and State aid.

Q: What is the maximum fine under EU competition law?

A: 10% of a company's annual worldwide turnover.