Plant Evolution, Structures, and Reproductive Strategies: A Comprehensive Biology Review
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40 Terms
Land plants evolved from
Green algae (charophytes)
Evidence for plant evolution
Chlorophyll, cellulose, DNA similarities
Adaptation that prevents water loss
Waxy cuticle
Adaptation for gas exchange
Stomata
Adaptation for transport
Vascular tissue
4 plant groups
Mosses, Ferns, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms
Alternation of generations
Haploid + Diploid life cycle
Sporophyte produces
Spores
Gametophyte produces
Gametes
Why mosses are short
No vascular tissue
Why mosses need water
Sperm swim to egg
Why ferns grow taller
Vascular tissue
Why ferns need water
Sperm swim
Pollen advantage
No water needed
Seed advantage
Protection + dispersal
Moss dominant phase
Gametophyte
Ferns dominant phase
Sporophyte
Gymnosperm dominant phase
Sporophyte
Angiosperm dominant phase
Sporophyte
Gymnosperm pollination
Wind
Male gametophyte
Pollen
Female gametophyte
Ovule
Angiosperm advantages
Flowers + fruits
Monocot veins
Parallel
Dicot veins
Branching
Monocot flower parts
3s
Dicot flower parts
4s or 5s
Male flower part
Stamen
Female flower part
Pistil
How flowers attract pollinators
Color, scent, nectar
Why fruits exist
Seed dispersal
Stamen function
Produce pollen
Pistil function
Receive pollen
Ovary becomes
Fruit
Ovule becomes
Seed
Vegetative reproduction
Asexual using plant parts
Stolons
Runners
Rhizomes
Underground stems
Tubers
Storage stems (potatoes)
Bulbs
Storage (onions)