GI SYSTEM FLASHCARDS A&P 2 LAB

What are the ways a tissue can be sliced?

Sagittal, parasagittal, coronal, transverse,

What are the 9 abdominopelvic regions?

Right & Left Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Right & Left Lumbar, Umbilical, Right & Left Iliac (inguinal), Hypogastric.

Which digestive organs are in the right hypochondriac?

Liver and Gallbladder

What digestive organs are in the Epigastric?

Stomach, Part of liver, Duodenum

What digestive organs are in the Left Hypochondraic?

Stomach, Spleen, Pancreas (tail)

What digestive organs are in the Right Lumbar?

Ascending colon, Small intestine

What digestive organs are in the Umbilical?

Transverse colon, Small intestine

What digestive organs are in the Left Lumbar?

Descending colon, Small intestine

What digestive organs are in the Right Iliac?

Cecum, Appendix

What digestive organs are in the Hypogastric (Pubic)

Small intestine, Bladder (partly)

What digestive organs are in the Left Iliac?

Sigmoid colon, Small intestine

What are the 6 main regions of the large intestine?

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum.

What are the 2 flexures of the transverse colon and their locations?

hepatic flexure – right hypochondriac; splenic flexure – left hypochondriac.

Name the gross external anatomy of the stomach.

Corpus, greater curvature, lesser curvature, pylorus, fundus, esophageal sphincter, pyloric sphincter, rugae.

Layers of the stomach wall?

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa.

Parts of the colon to identify?

Haustra, epiploic appendages, taenia coli.

Epithelial linings of the alimentary tract?

Stratified squamous: mouth, tongue, esophagus, anal canal.
Simple columnar: stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

3 regions of the small intestine?

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.

Valve between small and large intestine?

Ileocecal valve.

Where does the greater omentum attach?

Attaches from greater curvature of the stomach to transverse colon.

Pathway of bile and pancreatic secretions?

Bile Duct: Liver → hepatic duct → cystic duct → gallbladder → common bile duct → duodenum.
Pancreas Pathway: Pancreas → main pancreatic duct → duodenum

Enzymes that digest proteins, starch, fats?

Proteins – pepsin & trypsin
Starch – amylase

Fats - lipase

Function of HCl?

Kills bacteria, activates pepsin.

Digestive system pathway organs?

Mouth → pharynx → esophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine → rectum → anus.

What is the Epithelium of the Mouth, tongue, esophagus, anal canal

stratified squamous (protection).

What is the Epithelium of the Stomach/intestines?

simple columnar (secretion & absorption).

Function of the epiglottis?

Prevents food from entering the trachea.

Function of the pancreas in digestion?

Secretes enzymes (amylase, lipase, proteases) into small intestine.

Wave-like contraction of muscles in digestive tract?

Peristalsis.

What is hydrolysis?

breakdown of water and enzymes

Function of appendix and cell types?

Immune function (lymphoid tissue); contains lymphocytes.