Unit 9 - Stoichiometry Practice Test Flashcards

Vocabulary and key concepts from Unit 9 Stoichiometry practice materials, focusing on chemical equations, limiting reactants, and mass-mass-mole conversions.

Stoichiometry

The study of quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions, involving calculations of mass, moles, and molecules.

Limiting Reactant

The substance that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

Excess Reactant

The reactant that remains after the limiting reactant is completely used up in a chemical reaction.

Law of Conservation of Mass

A principle stating that mass is neither created nor destroyed; for example, if $319.4\,g$ of product forms and $96.0\,g$ of $O_2$ reacted, then $223.4\,g$ of $Fe$ must have reacted.

Uranium (VI) bromide Synthesis Equation

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid uranium and liquid bromine: $U(s) + 3Br_2(l) \rightarrow UBr_6(l)$.

Barium Nitrate and Ammonium Carbonate Reaction

The chemical reaction expressed as: $Ba(NO_3)_2 + (NH_4)_2CO_3 \rightarrow BaCO_3 + 2NH_4NO_3$.

Molar Mass of $NaCl$

The mass of one mole of sodium chloride, given as $58.44\,g/mol$.

Ethanol Combustion Equation

The balanced chemical reaction for ethanol and oxygen: $C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2CO_2 + 3H_2O$.

Molecules to Moles Conversion of $N_2$

The process of using dimensional analysis to convert the quantity $2.501 \times 10^{26}$ molecules of $N_2$ into moles.

Copper (I) Oxide Formation

The chemical reaction where copper reacts with oxygen to form copper (I) oxide: $4Cu + O_2 \rightarrow 2Cu_2O$.

Dimensional Analysis

A method of problem-solving that uses conversion factors and relationships to move from a Given value to a Wanted value, following proper significant figure rules.